The foodborne enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni decorates a variety of its cell-surface structures with phosphoethanolamine (pEtN). Modifying lipid A with pEtN promotes cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance, whereas post-translationally modifying the flagellar rod protein FlgG with pEtN promotes flagellar assembly and motility, which are processes that are important for intestinal colon...

Pesticides may contribute to respiratory symptoms among farmers. Using the Agricultural Health Study, a large cohort of certified pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina, we explored the association between wheeze and pesticide use in the past year. Self-administered questionnaires contained items on 40 currently used pesticides and pesticide application practices. A total of 20,468 ap...

The mechanism by which carbamate pesticides inhibit rat alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes has been investigated using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique. Carbaryl, S-ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), and fenoxycarb inhibit ACh-induced ion currents in a concentration-dependent way. EPTC and fenoxycarb inhibit ion current...

The Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction (PTME) is the greatest biodiversity crisis in Earth history and while marine increasingly well constrained, timing cause(s) of terrestrial losses remain poorly understood. There have been suggestions that End-Permian Terrestrial Collapse (EPTC) pre-dated, was synchronous with or post-dated crisis, even occurred asynchronously different regions. We address th...

abstract in order to efficacy evaluation of some new herbicides to control of weeds in corn, a set of field studies were conducted in 2007 at 4 province of iran, including tehran (varamin), khuzestan, fars, and kermansh. treatments were arranged in a rcbd design with four replications. treatments consisted of ultima (nicosulfuron+nimsulfuron), lumax (mesotrion+s-metolacholor+terbuthlazine), ami...

In this study, we applied the SOM for ecological assessment using benthic macroinvertebrates in aquatic ecosystem. First, Chapter I, SOM was utilized to extract information from complex data of environmental variables and benthic macroinvertebrate communities residing in different micro-habitats. Although the sampling was carried out in a limited area, the patterns of environmental variables re...

Two multiresidue methods were developed to determine pesticides in air collected in California. Pesticides were trapped using XAD-4 resin and extracted with ethyl acetate. Based on an analytical method from the University of California Davis Trace Analytical Laboratory, pesticides were detected by analyzing the extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine chlorothalonil,...