An epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the rapid differentiation of serologic responses to enzootic variety IE and ID versus epizootic variety IAB and IC strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus. Two monoclonal antibodies that differentially recognize epizootic versus enzootic VEE virus epitopes were used to measure the serotype-specific blocking ab...

The Finagle point (Wuffle et al., 1989), the yolk (McKelvey, 1986; Ferejohn et al., 1984) and the epsilon-core (Wooders, 1983; Salant and Goodstein, 1990; Tovey, 2010; Feld and Grofman, 1991) are three solution concepts that have been proposed to predict the outcome of majority voting in the Euclidean spatial model. Relationships among these three concepts are investigated in (Bra̋uninger, 2007)...

The accumulation and infiltration of mast cells are found in osteoarthritic lesions in humans and rodents. Nonetheless, the roles of mast cells in osteoarthritis are almost unknown. Although Viscum coloratum has various beneficial actions, its effect on allergic and osteoarthritic responses is unknown. In this study, we established an in vitro model of mast cell-mediated osteoarthritis and inve...

In this paper, we study the root distributions of Ehrhart polynomials free sums certain reflexive polytopes. We investigate cases where roots $A_d^\vee$'s or $A_d$'s lie on canonical line $\mathrm{Re}(z)=-\frac{1}{2}$ complex plane $\mathbb{C}$, $A_d$ denotes polytope type A dimension $d$ and $A_d^\vee$ its polar dual. For example, it is proved that $A_m^\vee \oplus A_n^\vee$ with $\min\{m,n\} ...

We study a system comprising a spheroidal particle with permittivity epsilon 2 and conductivity sigma 2 immersed in a host medium with permittivity epsilon 1 and conductivity sigma 1 in the ac external electric field with a strength Epsilon 0 and frequency omega. We determined conditions when orientation of a spheroidal particle with a finite electric conductivity at t --> infinity coincides wi...

We demonstrated that Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus replicated in and adapted rapidly to human diploid cell strain WI-38. Peak titers of approximately 10(9.8) mouse intracerebral 50% lethal doses were obtained at low passage levels in Eagles basal medium supplemented with calf serum. VEE virus replicated poorly in serum-free medium. Propagation of VEE virus was accompanied by t...

Strong reduction of the scattering cross section is obtained for subwavelength dielectric and conducting cylinders without any magnetism for both TE and TM polarizations. The suggested approach is based on the use of Fabry-Perot type radial resonances, which can appear in single-layer, high-epsilon, isotropic, and homogeneous shells with the properly chosen parameters. Frequencies of the minima...

The efficacy of Formalin-inactivated Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) vaccine has been reported to be low for man. Although a live VEE vaccine has been shown to be highly effective for the protection of laboratory workers, local and systemic reactions have occurred in approximately 20% of inoculated individuals. Therefore, studies were initiated in an attempt to produce an inactivated vacci...