Gold nanoparticle-based diagnostic methods have attracted much attention due to their simplicity, high sensitivity and low cost. These methods are mostly used for early and efficient detection of various pathogenic factors and assessment of gene expression and nanoparticles stability. In this study, melon plants were cultured in vivo and then, RNA was extracted from leaf explants. A 40 bp probe...

Background & objectives: The researcher clarified that β/Globin gene cluster haplotypes in patients with sickle cell anemia provide useful population data as predictors of the disease severity, gene flow, and the origins of sickle cell mutation in this region. Materials and methods: A total of 150 subjects was investigated in two different groups for five polymorphism restriction site...

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common autosomal recessive disorder of amino acid metabolism. Thedisease is caused mainly by mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene, encoding phenylalaninehydroxylase (PAH) enzyme. The PAH enzyme deficiency results in the elevation of phenylalanine inthe blood, which may cause severe irreversible mental retardation in the affect...

An attempt has been made to analyze the distribution of the beta-lactoglobulin genotype in swamp buffaloes and Murrah buffaloes utilizing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Blood samples were taken from 50 swamp buffaloes and 50 Murrah buffaloes. The DNA was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method. The PCR-RFLP was performed using beta-lactoglobulin ...

Background: Currently, there are no effective vaccines against leishmaniasis, and treatment using pentavalent antimonial drugs is occasionally effective and often toxic for patients. The PTR1 enzyme, which causes antifolate drug resistance in Leishmania parasites encoded by gene pteridine reductase 1 (ptr1). Since Leishmania lacks pteridine and folate metabolism, it cannot synthesize the pterid...

background homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid which formed (mainly in the liver) during the metabolism of methionine. prior studies indicated the important role of hyperhomocysteinemia in pathogenesis and progression of alcoholic liver disease, liver steatosis and cirrhosis. one of the most important mechanisms by which homocysteine promote the development of hepatic injury is oxida...

Objective(s): Streptococcus pyogenes produces extracellular hyaluronidase enzyme. This enzyme is directly associated with the spread of the organism during infection. The objective of the present study was to clone and express the nucleotide sequence of the enzyme which is involved in hyaluronidase enzymatic activity. Materials and Methods: The enzymatic region of hyaluronidase gene was detecte...

To evaluate the role of wild promoter of L-phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PheDH) gene, referred to as pdh, from Bacillus sphaericus in expression, cloning of pdh gene in Bacillus subtilis was performed. The whole pdh gene was cloned in pHY300PLK shuttle vector and amplified, construct (pHYDH) then transformed in B. subtilis ISW1214 and E. coli JM109. The pdh endogenous promoter presented no effec...

cloning and expression of the l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase gene, from b. sphaericus in e. coli were done. the gene was cloned in the vector pet16b and transformed into e. coli bl21 (de3). the functional form of the l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase enzyme was purified by affinity purification techniques, taking advantage of the ability of this enzyme to bind to the nucleotide site affinity dye, re...