The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) posits an inverted “U” shaped relationship between the affluence of a nation and the stress it places on the biophysical environment, with increases in affluence from low to moderate levels producing increased environmental stress but further increases eventually leading to a tipping point after which further affluence reduces environmental stress. We hypot...

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) shows the relationship between economic development, which is proxied in per capita income, and environmental quality. This study aims to view existence of EKC by arranging distribution 62 countries into four sub-samples based on income from 1992 2017. By applying panel data, model uses Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) method see effect growth quality (CO2 ...

Purpose - This study analyzes the moderating role of financial development in Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis 25 countries.Methods paper uses Lin and Chu unit root test to check stationary variables. The result leads investigation using panel pooled mean group model.Findings results long-run analysis show that EKC exists, plays its two ways. Firstly, it confirms hypothesis, secondl...