Motivated by recent observations of high-velocity, highly ionized winds in several QSOs, models of purely continuum-driven winds launched from ∼ 200 GMBH/c2 are presented. Launching conditions are investigated, as well as the observational signatures for a variety of initial conditions and illuminating continua. While we verify that continuum-driven, highly-ionized outflows reach the observed v...

We considered the evolution of a self-gravitating clumpy torus in the gravitational field of the central mass of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) in the framework of the N-body problem. The initial conditions take into account winds with different opening angles. Results of our N-body simulations show that the clouds moving on orbits with a spread in inclinations and eccentricities form a toroi...

Properly coordinating cooperation is relevant for resolving public good problems, such as clean energy and environmental protection. However, little is known about how individuals can coordinate themselves for a certain level of cooperation in large populations of strangers. In a typical situation, a consensus-building process rarely succeeds, owing to a lack of face and standing. The evolution...