A 59-year-old woman presented for evaluation of heart failure. As a child she was known to have a ventricular septum defect which was no longer demonstrated during adulthood. She was normally in good shape but experienced yearly episodes of leftsided lower airway infections. During the last episode her general physician heard an ejection murmur and rales over her lungs. Chest radiography reveal...

man, set. 32, an old soldier, who had suddenly dropped down dead. No history of previous illness could be obtained. The heart was very much enlarged as seen in situ at the post-mortem, the enlargement being chiefly confined to the base. On opening the heart it was seen that this enlargement was not due to hypertrophy, but to a tumour of the septum. This tumour on examination was found to be an ...

The clinical picture of the heart affection in a severe hookworm infection resembles certain valvular diseases in so many features that one has to describe it in some detail to recognize the characteristic points necessary for the differential diagnosis. Palpation of the heart region reveals displacement of the apex beat outwards and downwards, usually in the sixth inter-costal space outside th...

* Four cardiovascular abnormalities account for the great majority of reported cases of sudden cardiac death in young athletes: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (a pathologically enlarged heart), congenital (inherited) abnormalities of the coronary arteries, dissecting aortic aneurysms (bulging of the aorta with blood passing between layers of the arterial wall) in athletes with Marfan syndrome (a c...

The mass effect of nephromegaly in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may cause pain and symptoms by compressing the alimentary tract, lungs, and heart. Conventional therapies exist to contract enlarged polycystic kidneys including surgical and interventional procedures. A surgical nephrectomy is often difficult to perform in dialysis patients due to the associated risks...

A 39-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of vomiting and diarrhoea. He had developed cardiomyopathy of unknown cause a decade earlier that was managed with diuretics and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Two years thereafter, insulindependent diabetes mellitus appeared. His HbA1c was controlled at 7.5%. Two weeks prior to admission, he developed a burning pain in both feet. ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between echocardiographic measurements with emphasis on diastolic dysfunction and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based cohort study. METHODS We followed 2406 participants from the Tromsø Study from 1994 to 2010. Left atrial (LA) size and mitral Doppler indices as measured by echocardiography were used for evaluating diastolic dysfunct...

a 5-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with chest pain, fever and dyspnea. physical examination showed normal heart sounds, diminished pulmonary sounds in the left hemithorax and a normal ecg. on chest x-ray the heart was slightly enlarged with moderate left pleural effusion. ct scan revealed pleural effusion and a hypodense mass at the apex of the heart. a cystic mass was detected by e...