The DXAS Calibration computer program provides a quantitative and automated solution to the problem of calibrating spectra from dispersive XAS beamlines. Such spectra, obtained in arbitrary energy units, are calibrated with respect to the absorption features of a supplied reference spectrum, which has been obtained under similar conditions on a calibrated beamline. In addition to basic energy c...

A method of synovial fluid preparation giving optimal hydroxyapatite detection as well as definitions of the threshold masses of hydroxyapatite in viscous synovial fluid detectable by x ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis is reported. Use of an equal volume of 100% hydrazine with the synovial fluid optimised detection of hydroxyapatite. By x ray diff...

A typical signature of charge extraction in disordered organic systems is dispersive transport, which implies a distribution of charge carrier mobilities that negatively impact on device performance. Dispersive transport has been commonly understood to originate from a time-dependent mobility of hot charge carriers that reduces as excess energy is lost during relaxation in the density of states...

The purpose of this paper is to study the relations between different concepts of dispersive solution for the Vlasov-Poisson system in the gravitational case. Moreover we give necessary conditions for the existence of partially and totally dispersive solutions and a sufficient condition for the occurence of statistical dispersion. These conditions take the form of inequalities involving the ene...

We investigate L(R) → L∞(R4) dispersive estimates for the Schrödinger operator H = −∆ + V when there are obstructions, a resonance or an eigenvalue, at zero energy. In particular, we show that if there is a resonance or an eigenvalue at zero energy then there is a time dependent, finite rank operator Ft satisfying ‖Ft‖L1→L∞ . 1/ log t for t > 2 such that ‖ePac − Ft‖L1→L∞ . t , for t > 2. We als...

Low voltage x-ray microanalysis, defined as being performed with an incident beam energy ≤5 keV, can achieve spatial resolution, laterally and in depth, of 100 nm or less, depending on the exact selection of beam energy and the composition of the target. The shallow depth of beam penetration, with the consequent short path length for x-ray absorption, and the low overvoltage, the ratio of beam ...

Residual stresses are formed due to inhomogeneous deformation gradients or temperature ®elds during the manufacturing and processing of components. In superposition with load stresses, they severely in ̄uence the strength and failure of components. For the non-destructive evaluation of the residual stresses in crystalline materials, well-developed angle dispersive methods for X-ray residual stre...