The new type rural social endowment insurance system is one of the important policy arrangements in public welfare field in China. Quantitative research is theoretically and practically important for studying the new type rural social endowment insurance system. In this paper, based on the modern control theory, the linear control model for the new type rural social endowment insurance system i...

Endowment payouts have become an increasingly important component of universities’ revenues in recent decades. We study how universities respond to financial shocks to endowments and thus shed light on a number of existing models of endowment behavior. Endowments actively reduce payouts relative to their stated payout policies following negative, but not positive, shocks. This asymmetric behavi...

The risk of developing many adult-onset diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and renal disease, is increased in low-birth-weight individuals. A potential underlying mechanism contributing to the onset of these diseases is the formation of a low nephron endowment during development. Evidence from the human, as well as many experimental animal models, has shown a strong association ...

This paper analyzes the strategies employed by households in rural China to allocate educational expenditure to children of dierent endowment, examining whether parents use educational funding to reinforce or compensate for variation in endowment. Employing climatic shocks as an instrument for children's endowment yields results indicating that parental expenditure is preferentially directed to...

The endowment effect describes people’s tendency to ask for more money when selling objects than they are willing to pay when buying these objects. Previous research found that Asian participants showed smaller endowment effects than Western participants. These results were explained by culture-specific self-beliefs being transferred onto the endowed object. Yet, Asian self-concepts are not onl...

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This paper revisits the role of skill distributions in trade using a variant of the Heckscher-Ohlin model with multidimensional skill endowment and specialized production organized in teams. The equilibrium is characterized by the “effective endowment”, the part of endowment that is actually utilized in production, which depends on the team matches and the task specialization within teams. It i...