To investigate whether kokuvirus is present in Japanese dogs, we examined the fecal samples obtained from 94 diarrheal household dogs and 50 clinically healthy kenneled dogs by RT-PCR. The gene was detected in 37.2% and 48.0% in the former and the latter, respectively, suggesting that canine kobuvirus (CaKoV) is circulating among Japanese dogs. From the result of the latter, however, CaKoV may ...

The distribution of mortality from thyrotoxicosis among women in England and Wales during 1968-78 correlates with the previous prevalence of endemic goitre. Mortality from the disease rose to a peak in the decade 1931-40 and then declined. This peak affected all age groups and can be attributed to the high fatality from surgery before the introduction of preoperative iodine to prevent thyroid c...

Endemic goiter is widely prevalent in the countries of Southeast Asia; the Himalayan endemic is one of the world's most extensive and severe endemics. It is accompanied in many areas of this region by endemic cretinism, deaf-mutism, and other developmental disorders and thus constitutes a significant health problem. For many years the etiology and pathogenesis of goiter in the Himalayas had rem...

The visit of two Tibetan physicians provided a unique opportunity to gain insight into a practice of medicine very different from that of Western civilization. Initial discussions indicated that the practice of medicine and mysticism were inextricably interwoven in the Tibetan culture. Accordingly, the focus of the study was directed to goiter, which is both common in the Himalayas and easy to ...

Goiter prevalence and urinary iodine excretion levels were assessed in 568 schoolchildren (317 boys and 251 girls), aged 7-11 years, living in the Malatya province, a well-known endemic goiter area in Turkey. Five hundred sixty-eight children aged 7-11 years consented to thyroid gland palpation and provided a urine sample on the day of examination in April 2004. Median urinary iodine concentrat...

377 patients with single thyroid nodule who clinically were candidates for surgery, were selected from the patients that referred to the clinics of endocrinology at Namazee Hospital, Shiraz Medical School. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was carried out without performing thyroid scan and the results were compared with histology obtained by surgery to establish its accuracy in our center. whic...

Iodine deficiency is an important public health problem worldwide. Until the 1920s, endemic iodine deficiency disorders were prevalent in the Great Lakes, Appalachian, and Northwestern regions of the United States. Iodized salt was responsible for eliminating endemic goiter in the United States and remains the mainstay of iodine deficiency disorder eradication efforts worldwide. Although urinar...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Despite, the extensive salt iodization programmes implemented in India, the prevalence of goiter has not reduced much in our country. The most frequent cause of hypothyroidism and goiter in iodine sufficient areas is Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). This study records the clinical presentation, biochemical status, ultrasonographic picture and cytological appearance of this ...

The evidence implicating iodine deficiency in the aetiology of endemic goitre is overwhelming, and a deficiency of iodine in the diet has been accepted as the main cause of this condition (Kelly and Snedden, I960; Greer, I962; Wayne, Koutras, and Alexander, I964). Considerations of the quantitative aspects of iodine metabolism leave little doubt that in the presence of a sufficiently severe and...