Local scour around bridge abutment is a common problem encountered worldwide. Extensive laboratory and field studies have been carried out in this field and the equations derived so far are applicable to particular circumstances only. This paper presents an alternative to the empirical equations for Prediction of Local Scour at Vertical Bridge Abutment in the form of genetic programming (GP). T...

Mercury accumulation was investigated by constructing and testing empirical equations based on mercury in soil (C(s)) and in 10 terrestrial insects (C(i)). C(s) ranged from 0.13 to 41.01 mg/kg. C(i) differed with species and the highest was found in dragonfly. C(s) and C(i) showed a good linear fit, and a simple equation was used in predicting C(i) when insects were classified into one Insecta ...

Discovery of multidimensional empirical equations has been a task of systems such as BACON and FAHRENHEIT.When confronted with data collected in a robotic experiment, BACON-like generalization mechanism of FAHRENHEIT reached an impasse because it found many acceptable equations for some datasets while none for others. We describe an improved generalization mechanism that handles both problems. ...

We derive an extended empirical likelihood for parameters defined by estimating equations which generalizes the original empirical likelihood for such parameters to the full parameter space. Under mild conditions, the extended empirical likelihood has all asymptotic properties of the original empirical likelihood. Its contours retain the data-driven shape of the latter. It can also 10 attain th...

estimating and determining of rice water requirement, being the main cultivate of rasht region, is crucial for devoting water to this region. equations which are used to calculate the reference evapotranspiration (et0) are not match to all climatic conditions, due to their empirical bases. so, it is necessary to clarify proper methods for each region. crop coefficient (kc) is also the main para...

this paper reports the results of using three empirical methods (makkink, priestley-taylor and hargreaves) for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (et0) in the semi-arid region of tensift al haouz, marrakech (center of morocco). the penman-monteith equation, standardized by the food and agriculture organization (fao-pm), is used to evaluate the three empirical methods. the obtained et0 ...