Numerical air quality models are being used for assessing emission control strategies for improving ambient pollution levels across the globe. This paper applies probabilistic modeling to evaluate the effectiveness of emission reduction scenarios aimed at lowering ground-level ozone concentrations. A Bayesian hierarchical model is used to combine air quality model output and monitoring data in ...

due to the growth of industries and factories, deforestation and other environmental degradation a well as greenhouse gases have been increasing greenhouse gases on the earth's surface in recent decades. this increase disturbs the climate of the earth and is called climate change. an increase in greenhouse gases in the future could exacerbate the climate change phenomenon and have several ...

Given that performance-based approaches secure maximum energy consumption for new buildings in more and building codes standards, such could ensure ventilation is designed to avoid risks occupants’ health. We have developed a approach assessing indoor air quality (IAQ) performance low-energy houses at the design stage of building, line with regulatory calculations. In this context, whole-buildi...

Current efforts by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to decarbonize shipping sector have gained momentum, although exact path achieve this goal is currently unclear. However, it can be safely assumed that alternative cleaner and zero-carbon fuels will key components in strategy. In work, three ship emission scenarios for 2025, 2040, 2050 were developed cover area of North Baltic Sea...

This paper presents the response to anthropogenic forcing in GISS-E2.1 climate models for 21st century Shared Socioeconomic Pathways emission scenarios within Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The experiments were performed using an updated and improved version of NASA Goddard Institute Space Studies (GISS) coupled general circulation model that includes two different versi...

The paper reviews base year emission inventories, driving forces, and long-term scenarios of sulfur emissions as background material for developing a new set of IPCC emissions scenarios. The paper concludes that future sulfur emission trends will be spatially heterogeneous (decline in OECD countries, rapid increase particularly in Asia) and therefore cannot be modeled at a global scale only. In...

the importance of energy crisis and global warming necessitates presenting strategies in order to decrease the amount of emissions as well as fuel consumption in large and complex industries such as refineries and petrochemical industries. generally, refinery steam networks are regarded as units which consume fuel enormously. in this paper, the steam network of tehran oil refinery is considered...