The physiological process of germination depends on several environmental factors such as temperature, water potential, light, nutrients and smoke. Water and temperature are determinant factors for seed germination. Both factors can, separately or jointly, affect the germination percentage and germination rate. The effect of temperature on germination and water potential on germination canoften...

seedling characteristics of different sunflower (helianthus annus l.) cultivars under drought stress and inoculation with the azospirillum lipoferum in a spilt-factorial layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications were evaluated. treatments included dehydration stress (seed produced on maternal plants which irrigated after 60 (desirable irrigation), 120 (medium stre...

to determine suitable planting date and predicting emergence time in field conditions of iranian sugar beet cultivars we need some information including base temperature (t base) and heat units (hu). in this research germination tests were conducted on the seed of seven iranian monogerm sugar beet cultivars at various temperatures (3 to 36 ºc) with 3 ºc intervals. also field emergence was evalu...