This paper studies the allocation of shared resources between ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) in emerging 5G beyond cellular networks. In this paper, we design a unique queuing mechanism for joint eMBB/URLLC system. The aim is to flexibly schedule URLLC traffic enhance total eMBB throughput reliability packets (i.e., probability not dropping...

The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in China is high, according to the Nationwide Random Survey for the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis, 1990, conducted by the Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute (Tongzhou, Beijing, China). It is important to obtain fundamental data about drugresistant TB in China to enable successful treatment of this disease. In 1994, WHO launched the globa...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) strains with mutations that could result in resistance to the main drugs used in treatment in a region with one of the highest numbers of tuberculosis (TB) cases in southern Brazil. METHODS Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from 120 sputum samples from different patients suspicious of pulmonary tuber...

Cellular networks that are traditionally designed for human-type communication (HTC) have the potential to provide cost effective connectivity machine-type (MTC). However, MTC is characterized by unprecedented traffic in cellular networks, thus posing a challenge its successful incorporation. In this work, we propose unified framework amicable coexistence of and HTC. We consider heterogeneous n...

OBJECTIVE To examine the frequency and distribution of mutations in the 'hot spot regions' of drug-resistant genes. METHODS The study was conducted at Provincial Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Peshawar, Pakistan, from April 2015 to March 2016, and comprised sputum samples. Isolates were tested for drug susceptibility and resistant isolates were investigated for mutations analysis in the '...

Ethambutol (EMB) is used as a part of drug regimens for treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates to EMB can be discerned by DNA sequencing to detect mutations in the embB gene associated with resistance. US Public Health Laboratories (PHL) primarily use growth-based drug susceptibility test (DST) methods to determine EMB resistance. Th...

BACKGROUND In South Africa, drug resistant tuberculosis is a major public health crisis in the face of the colossal HIV pandemic. METHODS In an attempt to understand the distribution of drug resistance in our setting, we analysed the rpoB, katG, inhA, pncA and embB genes associated with resistance to key drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tubercu...

The antimycobacterial compound ethambutol [Emb; dextro-2,2'-(ethylenediimino)-di-1-butanol] is used to treat tuberculosis as well as disseminated infections caused by Mycobacterium avium. The critical target for Emb lies in the pathway for the biosynthesis of cell wall arabinogalactan, but the molecular mechanisms for drug action and resistance are unknown. The cellular target for Emb was sough...