Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. glycinea Kuan & Erwin (PMG) cell wall glucan has been extensively characterized as an elicitor of the pterocarpan phytoalexins, the glyceollins in soybean (Glycine max L.). Just recently, this glucan was shown to be a potent elicitor of conjugates of the isoflavones, daidzein and genistein as well. Here we report that PMG wall glucan also induces a rapid a...

The abilities of a family of chemically synthesized oligo-beta-glucosides, ranging in size from hexamer to decamer, to induce phytoalexin accumulation in soybean cotyledons were investigated to determine which structural elements of the oligoglucosides are important for their biological activity. The results of the biological assays established that the following structural motif is necessary f...

B. Moerschbacher, K. H. Kogel, U. Noll, and H. J. Reisener Institut für Biologie III der RW TH Aachen, W orringer Weg, D-5100 Aachen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland Z. Naturforsch. 41c, 830—838 (1986); received April 4/May 5, 1986 Triticum aestivum, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, Hypersensitive Response, Lignification, Elicitor Several biotic and abiotic elicitors of the hypersensitive reaction ...

Treatment of suspension-cultured parsley (Petroselinum crispum) cells with fungal elicitor triggers rapid, transient and sequential phosphorylation of a number of proteins, as shown by electrophoretic analysis on two-dimensional gels. This response is rapidly reversed by removal of the elicitor from the medium and appears to be specific. It is not observed in cells exposed to other environmenta...

Rsv1, a single dominant resistance gene in soybean PI 96983 (Rsv1), confers extreme resistance against all known American strains of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), except G7 and G7d. SMV-G7 provokes a lethal systemic hypersensitive response (LSHR), whereas SMV-G7d, an experimentally evolved variant of SMV-G7, induces systemic mosaic. To identify the elicitor of Rsv1-mediated LSHR, chimeras were co...

Three key benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic enzymes, (S)-N-methylcoclaurine-3'-hydroxylase (CYP80B1), berberine bridge enzyme (BBE), and codeinone reductase (COR), were localized in cultured opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) cells by sucrose density gradient fractionation and immunogold labeling. CYP80B1 catalyzes the second to last step in the formation of (S)-reticuline, the last common...

The molecular links between the cell cycle and defense responses in plants are largely unknown. Using synchronized tobacco BY-2 cells, we analyzed the cell cycle dependence of elicitor-induced defense responses. In synchronized cultured apoaequorin-expressing cells, the increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by a proteinaceous elicitor, cryptogein, was greatly suppressed during the G2 and M ph...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production relies heavily on the use of chemical pesticides, which is undesired by health- and environment-concerned consumers. Environment-friendly methods of controlling tomato diseases include agroecological practices, organic fungicides, and biological control. Plants' resistance against pathogens is induced by applying agents called elicitors to the plants and...

Furanocoumarins, Phytoalexins, O-Methyltransferases, Fungal Elicitor, Cell Suspension Cultures Cultured parsley cells (Petroselinum crispum) treated with an elicitor from the soybean patho­ gen, Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea, were used as source for the separation, extensive purification and characterization of S-adenosyl-L-methionine: xanthotoxol and S-adenosyl-Lmethionine: bergaptol...

The glucoheptaose 1 and the glucooctaose 2 have been synthesized using unambiguous methods. The former is identical with an elicitor-active heptasaccharide obtained from partially hydrolyzed mycelium of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea. The octasaccharide is also elicitor active, although to a lesser extent than the heptasaccharide. 1:R = H; 2:R = beta-D-Glcp. (Formula: see text)