Modern experiment has shown that bulk matter exhibits quantum structure and that this structure is electromagnetic in character. Therefore, we treat the electromagnetic field as the source of gravitation. In this way, the theory of gravitation becomes consistent with the quantum theory of matter, which holds that electric charge (or ‘generalized charge’) is the most fundamental attribute of mat...

The MARS code is under continuous development and has recently undergone substantial improvements that further increase its reliability and predictive power in numerous shielding, accelerator, detector and space applications. The major developments and new features of the MARS15 (2004) version described in this paper concern an extended list of elementary particles and arbitrary heavy ions and ...

Symmetries, global or local, always play an important role in the conceptual aspects of physics be in broken or unbroken phase. Spontaneous breaking of the continuous symmetries always generates various excitations with varying mass spectra. Axion is one of that type, generated via spontaneous breaking of a global Chiral U(1) symmetry named after its discoverers, Peccei and Queen. This symmetry...

The old Weyl's idea of scale recalibration freedom and the Infeld's and van der Waerden's (IW) ideas concerning geometrical interpretation of the natural spinor phase gauge symmetry are discussed in the context of modern models of fundamental particle interactions. It is argued that IW gauge symmetry can be naturaly identified with U (1) symmetry of Weinberg-Salam model. It is also argued that ...

We describe a geometric picture for the pattern of fermion masses of the three generations which is invariant with respect to the renormalization group below the electroweak scale. Moreover, we predict the upper limit for the ratio between the Dirac masses of the μ and τ neutrinos, ( mνμ/mντ ) ≤ (9.6 ± 0.6) × 10. The Standard Model [1, 2] of strong and electroweak interactions describes accurat...

Intr oduc tion A. A brief cosmological revI. ew B. Organization of the paper Particle Concentrations in the Hot Universe Bounds on the Number of Light Particle Species Light Particle Masses Quenching and Contemporary Concentrations of Heavy Stable Particles Heavy Lepton Masses Unstable Leptons. Limits on Their Mass and/or Lifetime A. The total energy density in the universe B. The spectrum of c...

Dynamical models of inflation are given with composite inflatons by means of massive supersymmetric gauge theory. Nearly flat directions and stable massive ones in the potential are identified and slow-roll during inflation is examined. This kind of dynamical inflations may be ubiquitous in fundamental unified theory with supersymmetry, which should contain gauge theories for interactions of el...

~ 'HE formalism of mesotron field theories was first developed in analogy either with the method of classical electrodynamics that involves the determination of fields produced by pregiven sources, or with the perturbation technique of quantum electrodynamics. This program not only has led to predictions in contradiction with experiment (the singular nature of nuclear forces, and large cross se...

Abstract. It is shown that the commonly accepted definition for the Casimir scalar operators of the Poincaré group do not satisfy the properties of Casimir invariance when applied to the non-inertial motion of elementary particles while in the presence of external gravitational and electromagnetic fields, where general curvilinear coordinates are used to describe the momentum generators within ...

The article focuses on the issue of the two definitions of charge, mainly the gauge charge and the effective charge of fundamental particles. Most textbooks on classical electromagnetism and quantum field theory only works with the gauge charges while the concept of the induced charge remains unattended. In this article it has been shown that for intrinsically charged particles both of the char...