In this paper, we propose a species-based hybrid of electromagnetism-like mechanism and back-propagation algorithms (SEMBP) for an interval type-2 fuzzy neural system with asymmetric membership functions (aIT2FNS). The proposed SEMBP combines the advantages of EM and BP algorithms to obtain the faster convergence and lower computational complexity. In addition, SEMBP uses the uniform method to ...

String theory compactifications may generate many light axion-like particles (ALPs) with weak couplings to electromagnetism. In general, a large number of ALPs exist, linear combination having potentially observable coupling The basis in which only one ALP couples electromagnetism is general misaligned the mass basis. This leads mixing between `electromagnetic' and `hidden' that do not interact...

‎In this paper, we study a flow shop batch processing machines scheduling problem. The fuzzy due dates are considered to make the problem more close to the reality. The objective function is taken as the weighted sum of fuzzy earliness and fuzzy tardiness. In order to tackle the given problem, we propose a hybrid electromagnetism-like (EM) algorithm, in which the EM is hybridized with a diversi...

This paper applies the new developed heuristic electromagnetism-like mechanism (EM) algorithm for the permutation flowshop scheduling problem. This algorithm simulates the electromagnetism theory by considering each solution as an electrical charge. Through the attraction-repulsion of the charges, solutions move to the optimality without being trapped into local optima. We make use of random ke...

The present paper extends the idea of job shop scheduling problem with resting constraints to the train scheduling problem with the Muslim praying considerations. For this purpose, after proposing the new mathematical model, a heuristic algorithm based on the Electromagnetism-Like algorithm (EM) which is well adjusted to scheduling problems is employed to solve the large-size practical cases. T...