The ORC technology in cogenerative systems has by now reached a level of full maturity in biomass applications. In Europe, there are over 120 plants in operation with sizes between 0.2 and 2.5 MW electric. ORC systems are very flexible and can be used in different applications like district heating systems, pellet production factories, sawmills and tri-generation systems with absorption chiller...

As a major utility system in industry, boilers consume a large portion of the total energy and costs. Significant reduction of boiler cost operation can be gained through improvements in efficiency. In accomplishing such a goal, an adequate dynamic model that comprehensively reflects boiler characteristics is required. This paper outlines the idea of developing a mathematical model of a water-t...

A steam generator serves as a power generation equipment that uses the expansive of to generate electricity. The startup process plays an important in plant adjust its electricity response changes load demand. As renewable plants increase, levels variability production increase. Fast startups become instrumental they enable traditional provide quantity missing when variable energies cannot sati...

A process economic analysis of co-producing bioethanol and electricity (value prior to combustion) from mixed southern hardwood and southern yellow pine is presented. Bioethanol is produced by extracting carbohydrates from wood via autohydrolysis, membrane separation of byproducts, enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted oligomers and fermentation to ethanol. The residual solids after autohydrolysis ...

Indonesian electricity supply is still dominated by coal-fired power plants (CPP) more than 50%. Water consumption for CPP in Indonesia reaches 222 million kL/year. Meanwhile, 10% of Indonesia's population predicted to experience a clean water crisis 2045. Most the consumed will be disposed as wastewater, such cooling tower blowdown and boiler blowdown. Boiler temperature relatively high. Thus,...

We model a steam-boiler control system using hybrid automata. We provide two abstracted linear models of the nonlinear behavior of the boiler. For each model, we de ne and verify a controller that maintains the safe operation of the boiler. The less abstract model permits the design of a more e cient controller. We also demonstrate how the tool HyTech can be used to automatically synthesize con...

This paper is concerned with calculating boiler efficiency as one of the most important types of performance measurements in any steam power plant. That has a key role in determining the overall effectiveness of the whole system within the power station. For this calculation, a Visual-Basic program was developed, and a steam power plant known as El-Khmus power plant, Libya was selected as a cas...

A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due ...

Development and utilization of renewable energy is an effective way to deal with global warming. In this context, integrated electricity–heat–gas system (IEHGES) provides a new for the efficient use energy. Existing IEHGES planning methods focus on improvement cost efficiency, while not designing capacity configuration scheme high penetration scenarios. Here, coordinated method considering cons...

The boiler drum level control unit is one of the main parameter in the thermal power station. Currently the boiler drum parameters are monitored only by using MATLAB software. There is no automatic control available. In the proposed system the boiler drum parameters such as temperature level, pressure level, water level and Droplet identifier are measured and controlled by using embedded proces...