Surfacing is a technological procedure of applying a layer of filler material to a surface of another material, i.e. a product. By surfacing, it is possible to improve chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of the parent metal, and, consequently, those of the product surfaced. Surfacing may be applied to worn surfaces as well as to new products. A surfacing weld may have the same, simila...

Ultrasonic metal welding has been used widely to join battery cell terminals, or tabs (either Al or Cu), with bus bars (Cu) to form assembled battery packs in battery electric vehicles. However, the mechanism of ultrasonic welding for Al/Cu is still not well understood. In this work, the microstructures of the ultrasonic welds between three layers of lithium-ion battery tabs (either Al or Cu) a...

This is the report of a welder who performed argon-shielded electric arc welding in an atmosphere containing trichloroethylene. He developed immediate respiratory symptoms, pulmonary edema 12 hours after exposure, and recurring dyspnea ten days after exposure. These pulmonary reactions might be explained by inhalation of decomposition products of trichloroethylene such as dichloroacetyl chlorid...