objective(s) this study was carried out in order to evaluate the effects of electrochemotherapy, electrical pulses and chemotherapeutic drugs on the killing of cancerous cells and their probable synergistic effects. materials and methods electrochemotherapy treatments conducted on mcf-7 cell line derived from human breast adenocarcinoma tumor using four chemotherapeutic drugs including bleomyci...

The effect of an electric field on the bending behavior of [001] oriented and poled relaxor Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PIN–PMN–PT) single crystals was measured using a four point bending apparatus with a longitudinal electric field applied to the bar during bending. The surface finish and electric field amplitude were observed to affect the bending strength. Polished surfaces imp...

The impact of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on cellular integrity and texture of Ranchero and Sabroso onions (Allium cepa L.) was investigated. Electrical properties, ion leakage rate, texture, and amount of enzymatically formed pyruvate were measured before and after PEF treatment for a range of applied field strengths and number of pulses. Critical electric field strengths or thresholds (E(c))...

Considering the effects of the electric field on the low temperature absorption line of quantum well excitons, we show that, for moderate strength of the electric field, the main contribution to the field dependence of the linewidth results from the field induced modifications of the inhomogeneous broadening of excitons. We find that the strength of the random potential acting on the quantum we...

background: with increased use of computers, exposure to electric and magnetic fields is increasing, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the electric and magnetic field strength in portable computers (laptops) and its relation with eyestrain users. methods: in this cross – sectional study, magnetic and electric fields in 125 laptop computers were measured from 30 cm and 50 cm dista...

Pulsed electric field (PEF) is commonly understood as a fast, non-thermal, and highly effective method for extraction of intracellular compounds. This treatment involves discharge of high voltage electric pulses of a few microseconds into the food product which is placed or passed between two electrodes (Angersbach et al., 2000). Results of experimental investigation of the electric breakage of...

Freestanding and flexible graphene/polyaniline composite paper was prepared by an in situ anodic electropolymerization of polyaniline film on graphene paper. This graphene-based composite paper electrode, consisting of graphene/polyaniline composite sheets as building blocks, shows a favorable tensile strength of 12.6 MPa and a stable large electrochemical capacitance (233 F g(-1) and 135 F cm(...

Strong microfluidic vortices are generated when a near-infrared (1,064 nm) laser beam is focused within a microchannel and an alternating current (AC) electric field is simultaneously applied. The electric field is generated from a parallel-plate, indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes separated by 50 lm. We present the first l-PIV analysis of the flow structure of such vortices. The vortices exhibi...

Charges are often called the coupling constants because their strength determines the coupling, or interaction, strength with the corresponding fields. As we shall see shortly in greater detail, there is a striking symmetry between electric and magnetic fields in our description of electromagnetism. That is, the equations governing the dynamics of the electric and magnetic fields are unchanged ...

Droplet manipulation is comprised of techniques such as droplet generation, merging, and splitting, of which droplet merging is one of the major bottlenecks in achieving high-throughput analysis. Here we present a three dimensional electrode that improves the electric field uniformity and field strength experienced by two adjacent droplets undergoing merging. We conducted a systematic compariso...