At 7 d postinoculation (DPI) with a mixed culture of avian Eimeria species, 21-d-old chicks maintained in batteries and floor pens on a diet containing 0.15% (3 lb/ton) betaine plus 66 ppm (60 g/ton) salinomycin were significantly heavier and had significantly lower feed conversion ratios and mortality than chicks fed diets containing 0.15% betaine or 66 ppm salinomycin alone, or the control di...

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of innate and acquired immunities. In the studies reported here, we quantified NO produced in vitro by chicken leukocytes and macrophages and in vivo during the course of experimental infection with Eimeria, the causative agent of avian coccidiosis, and identified macrophages as the primary source of inducible NO. Eimeria tenella–infected chickens prod...

The purpose of this study was to determine if the probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, generates compounds that affect the sporulation of the oocysts of three species of Eimeria using an in vitro assay. In addition, anticoccidial effects of L. rhamnosus cell-free supernatant (CFS)-based diets were evaluated in chickens following experimental infection with Eimeria tenella and the antic...

background: to control avian coccidiosis with drug-independent strategy effec-tively and safely, multivalent hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin (igy) was prepared and its ability to protect against eimeria tenella infection was evaluated. methods: hens were orally immunized with live oocysts of 5 species of eimeria for six times, antibody titers in serum and yolk were monitored by indirect enz...

Eimeria species cause the intestinal disease coccidiosis, most notably in poultry. While the direct impact of coccidiosis on animal health and welfare is clear, its influence on the enteric microbiota and by-stander effects on chicken health and production remains largely unknown, with the possible exception of Clostridium perfringens (necrotic enteritis). This study evaluated the composition a...

BACKGROUND Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) is a species of Eimeria that causes haemorrhagic caecal coccidiosis, resulting in major economic losses in the global poultry industry. After E. tenella infection, the amount of ATP and Bax in host cells showed highly significant changes. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effects of ATP and Bax on the apoptosis of E. tenella host cells. RESU...

We have previously demonstrated that short oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODNs) exert a positive effect on weight loss and oocyst shedding associated with Eimeria infection when injected in vivo. The present work investigated the effects of in ovo vaccination with CpG ODNs and an Eimeria recombinant microneme protein (MIC2), alone or in combination, on susceptibil...

A novel recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin (rBCG) vaccine co-expressed Eimeria tenella rhomboid and cytokine chicken IL-2 (chIL-2) was constructed, and its efficacy against E. tenella challenge was observed. The rhomboid gene of E. tenella and chIL-2 gene were subcloned into integrative expression vector pMV361, producing vaccines rBCG pMV361-rho and pMV361-rho-IL2. Animal experiment via intra...

18 The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper appear in the DDBJ, EMBL and 19 Genbank® nucleotide sequence database with accession number CS000361. Abstract 1 Eimeria tenella is the causative agent of coccidiosis in poultry. Infection of chicken 2 intestine begins with ingestion of sporulated oocysts releasing sporocysts which in turn 3 release invasive sporozoites. The monoclonal anti...

The surface antigen 1 of Toxoplasma gondii (TgSAG1) is a major immunodominant antigen and is widely considered an ideal candidate for the development of an effective recombinant vaccine against toxoplasmosis. Eimeria tenella, an affinis apicomplexan parasite with T. gondii, is a potential vaccine vector carrying exogenous antigens that stimulates specific immune responses. Here, we engineered T...