The edible mushroom Volvariella volvacea is an important crop in Southeast Asia and is predominantly harvested in the egg stage. One of the main factors that negatively affect its yield and value is the rapid transition from the egg to the elongation stage, which has a decreased commodity value and shelf life. To improve our understanding of the changes during stipe development and the transiti...

This article deals with two of the major steps involved in phospholipid synthesis: the preparation of the optically pure precursors, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (GPC) and -ethanolamine, from a convenient lipid source such as egg yolk, and acylation of hydroxyl groups present in those precursors involving an acid to yield the corresponding phospholipid. Phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethan...

Semen from four Holstein bulls was evaluated to compare effects of four extender treatments on postthaw semen quality. Extender fractions A and B, either heated whole milk or 20% egg yolk-citrate, were combined to yield the extender treatments 1) milk and milk, 2) milk and egg yolk-citrate, 3) egg yolk-citrate and milk, and 4) egg yolk-citrate and egg yolk-citrate. Semen was evaluated at thawin...

Ochratoxin A can be hydrolyzed with a large amount of carboxypeptidase A to yield L-phenylalanine and an isocoumarin carboxylic acid. No hydrolytic effect was found, however, with the liver homogenate or the microsomal fraction of the rat. The toxicity of the hydrolyzate, isocoumarin carboxylic acid, was found to be much lower than that of ochratoxin A (LD50 16.96 ƒÊg/egg) to the chicken embryo...

This work aimed at developing fortified pastas incorporating chestnut flour (25–55%) and powdered pollen (5–20%), either separately or in combination, as well the characterization of products obtained. To this, a physical was carried out (analyzing texture color), complemented with chemical analyses to determine nutritional composition. Results showed that adding over 40% wheat-flour pasta shor...

The presumption is that egg quality influences larval survival and that egg size influences egg quality. Thus, larger eggs should be favored by selection. Counterweighing the tendency for egg size to increase is the number of eggs that can be produced if egg size remains small. We examine how egg size and egg number counterbalance in Crassostrea oysters, resulting in an average egg size near 50...

Due to a growing demand of food production worldwide, new strategies are suggested to allow for sustainable production of food with minimal effects on natural resources. A promising alternative to the application of chemical pesticides is the implementation of crops resistant to insect pests. Plants produce compounds that are harmful to a wide range of attackers, including insect pests; thus, e...

The relationship between the size of an egg and its energy content was analyzed using published data for 47 species of echinoderms. Scaling relationships were evaluated for all species, as well as for subsets of the species, based on mode of development. Regressions were calculated using linear, power function, full allometric, and second-order polynomial models. The full allometric model is pr...