A subline of NIH 3T3 cells maintained by frequent passage (every 2 to 3 days) in 10% calf serum (CS) at low population density reached a low saturation density in 2% CS and produced no transformed foci on prolonged incubation at confluency in 2% CS. Within 3 frequent low density passages in 2% CS, the saturation density and focus-forming capacity in that serum concentration began an increase wh...

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of a cytomegalovirus Towne-BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) isolate that we first genetically engineered to mutate the UL96 gene and then serially passaged in human fibroblasts to allow for the accumulation of compensatory mutations. A total of 17 single-base substitutions were discovered in the passaged genome compared to the reference sequenc...

A subline of NIH 3T3 cells maintained by frequent passage (every 2 to 3 days) in 10% calf serum (CS) at low population density reached a low saturation density in 2% CS and produced no transformed foci on prolonged incubation at confluency in 2% CS. Within 3 frequent low density passages in 2% CS, the saturation density and focus-forming capacity in that serum concentration began an increase wh...

Abstract Purpose This 3D in vitro cancer model for propagation of patient-derived cells, using a synthetic self-assembling peptide gel, allows the formation fully characterised, tailorable tumour microenvironment. Unlike many existing models, gel is inert, apart from molecules and motifs deliberately added or produced by cells within model. Methods Breast xenografts (PDXs) were disaggregated em...

Clonal Borrelia burgdorferi N40 (cN40) passaged 75 times in vitro (N40-75) infects mice but does not cause disease. N40-75 passaged 45 times further in vitro (N40-120) was no longer infectious and lacked genes encoded on linear plasmids 38 and 28-1, among other differences. These data suggest that B. burgdorferi cN40, N40-75, and N40-120 have distinct phenotypes that can be used to dissect the ...

It has previously been shown that passage of Vibrio cholerae through the human intestine imparts a transient hyperinfectious phenotype that may contribute to the epidemic spread of cholera. The mechanism underlying this human-passaged hyperinfectivity is incompletely understood, in part due to inherent difficulties in recovering and studying organisms that are freshly passed in human stool. Her...

Three factors may be responsible for the sharp difference in tumourigenicity between cloned murine fibrosarcoma lines maintained in vitro, and cells of the same lines after in vivo passage, initially in a T cell deficient mouse and subsequently in normal mice: (1) acquisition during passage of resistance to NC cells; (2) acquisition during passage of a surface molecule, probably a sialic acid, ...

Nucleofection of chondrocytes has been shown to be an adequate method of transfection. Using Amaxa's nucleofection system, transfection efficiencies up to 89% were achievable for vector (pmaxGFP) and 98% for siRNA (siGLO) into passaged chondrocytes. However, such methods rely on costly commercial kits with proprietary reagents limiting its use in basic science labs and in clinical translation. ...

A typical feature of scrapie in sheep and goats is the accumulation of disease-associated prion protein. Scrapie consists of many strains with different biological properties. Nine natural sheep scrapie cases were transmitted to wild-type mice and mouse-passaged isolates were classified into 2 types based on incubation time: short and long. These 2 types displayed a distinct difference in their...