Three-parameter lognormal distribution has been demonstrated for applications in electromigration data analysis, especially for Cu interconnect structures with insufficient redundancy. Examples are given on estimating parameter values from experimental data using the maximum likelihood method. Detailed analyses are presented on confidence bound estimations of the parameters and their propagatio...

A citations analysis Purpose of this paper This paper addresses the question: should the world s top universities be led by top researchers, and are they? Design / methodology / approach The lifetime citations are counted by hand of the leaders of the world s top 100 universities identified in a global university ranking. These numbers are then normalised by adjusting for the different citation...

The authors develop a framework that incorporates projected profitability of customers in the computation of lifetime duration. Furthermore, the authors identify factors under a manager’s control that explain the variation in the profitable lifetime duration. They also compare other frameworks with the traditional methods such as the recency, frequency, and monetary value framework and past cus...

Data mining techniques have been used widely in the area of customer relationship management (CRM). In this study, we have applied data mining techniques to address a problem in business-to-business (B2B) setting. In a manufacturer-retailer-consumer chain, a manufacturer should improve its relationship with retailers to continue its business. Segmentation is a useful tool for identifying groups...

Limited energy is the major driving factor for research on wireless sensor networks. Clustering alleviates this energy shortage problem by reducing data traffic conveyed over the network and therefore several clustering methods are proposed in the literature. Researchers put forward their methods by making serious assumptions such as always locating single sink at one side of the topology or ma...

background: turkey, especially the northern part of it, was one of the countries which were contaminated by the chernobyl accident.  rize is a city located in the northeastern district of turkey which was heavily influenced by the chernobyl nuclear accident. materials and methods: in this study, the activity concentrations of natural (226ra, 232th, 40k) and artificial (137cs) were measurements ...

Silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays were produced by electroless method on polycrystalline Si substrate, in HF/ AgNO3 solution. Although the monocrystalline silicon wafer is commonly utilized as a perfect substrate, polycrystalline silicon as a low cost substrate was used in this work for photovoltaic applications. In order to study the influence of etching time (which affects the SiNWs length) on d...

The lifetime risk of acquiring HIV infection in many rural as well as urban areas of southern Africa is currently as high as two-in-three. For women, much of this risk still accrues rapidly at young ages despite high levels of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Thus, programmes that are more participatory and address underlying structural and community-level factors appear to be essential. We use cross-...