Genetic improvement programs in dairy cattle have until recently focused on increasing net profit by increasing gross income per cow, rather than reducing costs of production [1]. Strong selection pressure on yield traits coupled with management practices aimed at maximizing production may have resulted in undesirable side effects related to decreased fitness [2]. These concerns have been confi...

Aim Species atlases provide an economical way to collect data with national coverage, but are typically too coarse-grained to monitor fine-grain patterns in rarity, distribution and abundance. We test the performance of ten downscaling models in extrapolating occupancy across two orders of magnitude. To provide a greater challenge to downscaling models, we extend previous downscaling tests with...

Boar taint is an offensive odor that affects the smell and taste of cooked pork, resulting mainly from the accumulation of skatole and androstenone in the back fat of intact males. The aim of the study was to estimate genetic parameters for skatole and androstenone and their genetic relationship to production and litter size traits. Concentrations of skatole and androstenone in the back fat wer...

In the current paper we investigate whether gender aVects the encoding of leadership behavior. In three studies we found evidence that perceivers had diYculty encoding leadership behaviors into their underlying prototypical leadership traits when the behavior implied an agentic trait and the behavior was enacted by a female. Using a lexical decision making task, in Study 1 we demonstrated that ...