Consider a weighted n-vertex, m-edge graph G with designated source s and destination t. The topology of G is known, while the edge weights are hidden. Our goal is to discover either the edge weights in the graph or a shortest (s, t)-path. This is done by means of agents that traverse different (s, t)-paths in multiple rounds and report back the total cost they incurred. Various cost models are...

Information represents a common and universal substance, actively participating in a diversity of physical or virtual interactions, including various forms of economic interaction. The information regularities of economical dynamics and the mathematical evaluation of the economical system s processes are studied by building the information systemic models, based on Informational Macrodynamics. ...

The split integration symplectic method (SISM) for molecular dynamics (MD) integration using normal mode analysis based on a factorization of the Liouville propagator is presented. This approach is quite distinct from others that use fractional-step methods, owing to the analytical treatment of high-frequency motions. The method involves splitting the total Hamiltonian of the system into a harm...

the concept of entrepreneurship has derived much attention to itself from scientific boards and public and private organizations in the recent decades. a brief review on the literature of entrepreneurship reveals that due to the economic approaches taken, entrepreneurship is setting forth to find out new ways to maximize the benefit and income. at the other hand, social organizations, too, must...

The deepening of global economic integration challenge the traditional concept of geopolitics, and thus put a profound impact on the inter-State conflict and cooperation situations. Some scholars argue that the traditional geopolitics is based on conflict and confrontation, while the geo-economics is based on cooperation, Therefore, currently we should take the geo-economic thought as theoretic...