Purpose This paper seeks to provide empirical insight into how industrialization and technology affect environmental quality in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Using Ecological Footprint (ECF) as a measure of degradation, the authors employ annual data from World Development Indicators Bank Global Network spanning 1970 2017 apply fully modified least squares (FMOLS) technique. Findings The r...

Establishing the effect of fluctuating extracellular fluid (ECF) volume on muscle strength in people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) is essential, as inadequate hydration of the skeletal muscles impacts its strength and endurance. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been a widely used method for estimating ECF volume of a limb or calf segment. Magnetic resona...

Substance-dependence is highly associated with executive cognitive function (ECF) impairments. However, considering that it is difficult to assess ECF clinically, the aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of a brief neuropsychological tool (the Frontal Assessment Battery - FAB) to detect specific ECF impairments in a sample of substance-dependent individuals (SDI). Sixty-two s...

Generalized malnutrition results in inhibition of tumorigenesis and tumor growth in experimental animal models. Neither the specific nutrient deficiency nor the mechanism has been definitely elucidated. We have shown previously that dietary sodium deprivation in rapidly growing rats retards protoplasmic growth. This effect was correlated to the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume expansion which i...

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) produced by splenic lymphocytes obtained from Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice was partially purified by a combination of DEAE anion-exchange chromatography, concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and high-pressure liquid chromatography. When this partially purified GM-CSF was added to the culture of isolated intact granulo...

BACKGROUND Ectopic crypts, defined as abnormally positioned crypts that have lost their orientation toward the muscularis mucosae, have been suggested to be the best defining histologic feature of traditional serrated adenoma (TSA). However, the significance of ectopic crypt formation (ECF) in the distinction between TSA and conventional adenoma (CA) has rarely been studied. METHODS We design...

This paper presents an executable service choreography framework (ECF). Current choreography languages are specification languages. They are used at design time to define a mutual contract between services that are under the supervision of different domain controllers. Choreography contracts are established by specifying the observable sequence of messages that are exchanged between services. S...

1. Renal sodium excretion is the primary determinant of sodium homeostasis. 2. Changes in sodium concentration in extracellular fluid (ECF) are associated with disorders of water balance. 3. Hypovolemia refers to losses of salt and water from the ECF, whereas dehydration is defined as primarily water loss from ECF. 4. Hypervolemia results when fluid accumulates in the ECF at a higher rate than ...

Evidence can be found throughout surgical history of how devastating an enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) can be for both patient and surgeon. From antiquity, this complication of abdominal surgery, malignancy, radiation, trauma, or inflammatory processes has been a significant challenge to surgeons due to high associated mortality and significant morbidity. An ECF causes dehydration, malnutrition,...

BACKGROUND Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as a major pathogen in the development and progression of chronic periodontitis. P. gingivalis biofilm formation in the subgingival crevice plays an important role in the ability of the bacteria to tolerate stress signals outside the cytoplasmic membrane. Some bacteria use a distinct subfamily of sigma factors to regulate their extracytopl...