Introduction Tobacco control policy is essential for addressing the growing tobacco consumption seen in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, the single greatest preventable contributor to the non-communicable disease epidemic. Egypt and Iran have had varied success in using policy to combat this issue. The study aims to identify and compare the factors which have influenced different stages of the...

Alcohol has a major effect on health outcomes of which some are favorable, but the net impact of alcohol on health is detrimental, with an estimated 3.8% of all worldwide deaths and 4.6% of global disability-adjusted life-years attributable to alcohol [1]. Alcohol use is an understudied subject in Iran and other Middle Eastern Countries. A recent study reported that the 12-month prevalence of a...

OBJECTIVE This is the new comparative geogenetic molecular evolution research of M. tuberculosis in Iran and Belarus. Thus, we researched the genetic patterns of samples collected in the first survey of anti-tuberculosis drug-resistance by gene coding of RNA polymerase as part of the international project of on tuberculosis. METHOD DNA extraction and amplification of rpoB gene was performed. ...

A faunistic survey on the parasitic wasps of subfamily Pteromalinae Dalman, 1820 (Hym., Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) South-Eastern Iran (Kerman province) was done. In total 46 specimens representing 10 genera and 16 species are identified, among them, Dinarmus altifrons (Walker, 1862) Syntomopus incurvus Walker, 1833 recorded for first time fauna Iran. Previously from this area also reviewed lis...

Iran is a Middle Eastern country which located in the north of Persian Gulf. Due to vastness its territory Gulf, has most beaches this sea and number valuable strategic islands entrance Gulf Strait Hormuz. In regards Iranian are more than 30 due their geopolitical, geostraegic geoeconomic locations play important role domestic, regional global arenas. addition, some particularly, three Greater ...

This study in 2010 determined the prevalence of smoking and its associated factors among universities students in Shahroud located in the North Eastern of Iran. 1800 students were selected randomly among 20000 students of Shahroud universities, to complete a questionnaire Which was prepared based on the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The prevalence of current smoking was 20% (80% male and 20% fem...

A blocker of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors was isolated from venom of the Eastern green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps, by gel filtration, ion-exchange and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated component blocks neuromuscular transmission and responses to exogenously applied acetylcholine in isolated chick biventer cervices preparations. These results suggest t...

YURI M. MARUSIK & ALIREZA ZAMANI 1Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa 3Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russia 4Zoological Museum, University of Turku, FI-20014 TURKU, Finland 5School ...