The long-term effects of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) closure on left ventricular (LV) morphology are unknown. Using echocardiography, we prospectively studied 17 kidney transplant recipients before, 1, and, 21 months after AVF closure (mean fistula flow 1371 +/- 727 mL/min). Eight kidney transplant recipients with a patent AVF, matched for age, time after AVF creation, and time aft...

khoy, one of the major cities in the west azarbaijan province is known for its nature, military, border positions, proximity to the silk road, including many different cultures and overall is one of the important settlements in the area. this essay investigates khoy city’s expansion, from early islam until late qajar (fourth - fourteenth century) according to historical documents. this article ...

late neoproterozoic-early cambrian schists have been occurred in southwest of zanjan city from the soltanieh belt. the soltanieh belt in northwest of iran is uplifted basement of precambrian-paleozoic in main central iran zone and includes outcrops of precambrian, paleozoic and mesozoic formations. late neoproterozoic-early cambrian schists, the oldest stratigraphy unit in the region, consist o...

OBJECTIVE The objective was to study morbidity and mortality associated with early closure (8-13 days) of a temporary stoma compared with standard procedure (closure after > 12 weeks) after rectal resection for cancer. BACKGROUND A temporary ileostomy may reduce the risk of pelvic sepsis after anastomotic dehiscence. However, the temporary ileostomy is afflicted with complications and require...

were performed in 85 patients after saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass surgery. In a prior study (< 2 weeks postoperative) of 570 patients with 1197 grafts, arteriography revealed 89.6% early patency of grafts. Late follow-up in 85 patients discharged with all grafts patent revealed 92.2% still patent, an annual mean graft attrition rate (percent of grafts closed/year) of 3.2%/year. This mean ...

our study evaluated the differences between early and late hemodialysis (hd) initiation in the intensive care unit (icu) according to the rifle (risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage renal failure) and akin (acute kidney injury network) classifications. on the assumption that early initiation of hd in critical patients according to the rifle and akin criteria decreases mortality, we retros...

Rats learn to prefer flavors that are followed by postingestive effects of nutrients. This experiment investigated whether the timing of a flavor (specifically, in the first or second half of the meal) influences learning about that flavor. Stronger learning about earlier or later flavors would indicate when the rewarding postingestive effects of nutrients are sensed. Rats with intragastric (IG...

introduction: the precise time of using percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) after fibrinolytic therapy for maximum efficiency and minimum side effects is still undetermined. therefore, the present study was designed to compare the outcome of myocardial infarction (mi) patients who underwent surgical intervention (angiography and pci) within 48 hours of thrombolytic therapy or after that. m...