In 2000, pharmaceutical companies spent more than 15.7 billion dollars on promoting prescription drugs in the United States [2]. More than 4.8 billion dollars was spent on detailing, the one-on-one promotion of drugs to doctors by pharmaceutical sales representatives, commonly called drug reps. The average sales force expenditure for pharmaceutical companies is $875 million annually [3]. Unlike...

BACKGROUND Psychoactive drug use is on the rise in the United States, with plastic surgery patients a potentially susceptible group. This study aimed to determine the incidence of cosmetic and reconstructive patients in our practice taking psychoactive drugs and to compare those values with the national average. Furthermore, we discuss the patient safety concerns when patients withhold their me...

this article aims to investigate the effective factors on the rate of ‘cosmetics use’ among female students of kerman azad university. the research method was survey, and data was collected by questionnaire. statistical population comprises all of the female students of kerman azad university (n= 5413) and sample size is 378 students. theoretical framework is extracted from theories of bourdieu...

Progesterone products are available in prescription form as well as over-the-counter (OTC) topical preparations sold for "cosmetic" uses. In a randomized study design, the authors compared the drug exposure from an OTC progesterone cream to a Food and Drug Administration-approved oral preparation at the labeled daily doses recommended for each product. Twelve healthy postmenopausal women receiv...

AIM The aim of this review was to evaluate, by a thorough revision of the literature, the true efficacy of currently available topic and systemic cosmetic acne agents. METHODS The efficacy of currently available cosmetic acne agents has been retrospectively evaluated via thorough revision of the literature on matched electronic databases (PubMed). All retrieved studies, either randomized clin...

Hazards from Cosmetics and Toilet Preparations .1700 The Traveller Looks Both Ways. DOUGLAS GUTHRIE, M.D., F.R.C.S., F.R.C.P.Ed. ......................... 1701 To-day's Drugs ..................... 1704 OBITUARY ........................... 1716 MEDICO-LEGAL ...................... 1718 MEDICAL NOTES IN PARLIAMENT ...... 1719 VITAL STATISTICS .................... 1721 MEDICAL NEWS ...................

cosmetics regulation, American legislators are proposing that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) be given the authority to ensure that personal-care products, including cosmetics, are free of harmful ingredients and that their labels fully disclose all components. The proposed “Safe Cosmetics Act of 2011” would give FDA the authority to demand safety assessments of cosmetics i...

Whether "medical marijuana" (Cannabis sativa used to treat a wide variety of pathologic states) should be accorded the status of a legitimate pharmaceutical agent has long been a contentious issue. Is it a truly effective drug that is arbitrarily stigmatized by many and criminalized by the federal government? Or is it without any medical utility, its advocates hiding behind a screen of misplace...