In the present study, interactive effects of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors antagonists and different periods of lithium pretreatment on morphine dependence in mice have been investigated. This study was designed to investigate whether the hypothesis that lithium and dopaminergic mechanisms via their effects on phosphoinositide pathways and calcium flux could influence morphine withdrawal respons...

Although propofol (2,6-di-isopropylphenol) is a popular i.v. general anaesthetic, it has been suggested to have abuse potential. As many drugs of abuse act preferentially via release of dopamine in the limbic system, we investigated the action of propofol on stimulated dopamine release in the rat nucleus accumbens. Nucleus accumbens slices were superfused (1.6 ml min-1) with artificial cerebros...

Introduction: Stimulation or inactivation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) produces antinociception. Studies showed a role for the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the antinociception induced by LH chemical stimulation through the orexinergic receptors. In this study, we assessed the role of intra-VTA dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in antinociceptive effects of cholinergic agonist, carbachol, m...

morphine was used as a remedy for the control of diarrhea centuries before it's sedative-analgesic effect was discovered. although several mechanisms have been proposed for the morphine-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit (oit), the exact mechanism has not yet been identified. on this basis the possible involvement of the dopaminergic system in morphine-induced inhibition of tra...

Dopamine and glutamate are key neurotransmitters involved in learning and memory mechanisms of the brain. These two neurotransmitter systems converge on nerve cells in the neostriatum. Dopamine modulation of activity-dependent plasticity at glutamatergic corticostriatal synapses has been proposed as a cellular mechanism for learning in the neostriatum. The present research investigated the role...

Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist in the central nervous system and an antiemetic agent. It can cause extrapyramidal symptoms side effects such as dystonic reactions characterized by involuntary, sustained or spasmodic contractions of muscle groups, resulting twisting, repetitive abnormal postures. In this study, we aimed to report pediatric patient who presented with acute dystonia due m...

Morphine was used as a remedy for the control of diarrhea centuries before it's sedative-analgesic effect was discovered. Although several mechanisms have been proposed for the morphine-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit (OIT), the exact mechanism has not yet been identified. On this basis the possible involvement of the dopaminergic system in morphine-induced inhibition of tra...

Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is considered a physiologically relevant form of Hebbian learning. However, behavioral learning often involves action of reinforcement or reward signals such as dopamine. Here, we examined how dopamine influences the quantitative rule of STDP at glutamatergic synapses of hippocampal neurons. The presence of 20 muM dopamine during paired pre- and postsyna...

introduction: dopamine plays an important role in the central nervous system for modulating food intake. dopamine receptors are distributed within the hypothalamus, and expression of d1 receptors is significant in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn). therefore, the aim of this study was to find if pvn-microinjected skf38393, d1 receptor agonist, may modulate food intake. methods: guide c...