T here are no objective criteria for selecting the size of a double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) (1). An inappropriately sized DLT can cause airway trauma and interfere with oxygenation and lung separation during one-lung ventilation. The goal of this study was to determine if measurement of tracheal diameter from the preoperative chest radiograph can be used to predict which size DLT to choo...

BACKGROUND Double-lumen tubes (DLTs) are frequently used to establish one-lung ventilation (OLV). Their correct placement is crucial. We hypothesized that electrical impedance tomography (EIT) reliably displays distribution of ventilation between left and right lung and may thus be used to verify correct DLT placement online. METHODS Regional ventilation was studied by EIT in 40 patients requ...

BACKGROUND Disruption of the lymphatic circulation through breast carcinoma-associated axillary lymph node dissection, with or without radiation therapy, reportedly is the most common cause of lymphedema in developed countries. There is no cure for breast carcinoma-associated lymphedema. Although intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) has been acknowledged as a potential component of the mult...

Lipoteichoic and wall teichoic acids (TA) are highly anionic cell envelope-associated polymers containing repeating polyglycerol/ribitol phosphate moieties. Substitution of TA with D-alanine is important for modulation of many cell envelope-dependent processes, such as activity of autolytic enzymes, binding of divalent cations, and susceptibility to innate host defenses. D-Alanylation of TA is ...

INTRODUCTION Sorafenib has demonstrated single agent activity in non-small cell (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Carboplatin/pemetrexed (CbP) and cisplatin/etoposide (PE) are commonly used in the treatment of these diseases. METHODS A phase I trial escalating doses of sorafenib in combination with fixed doses of PE (Arm A) or CbP (Arm B) was performed using a 3-patient cohort design...

In the commonly used double-lumen tube (DLT) intubation procedure, the tip of a DLT is inserted into the mainstem bronchus in a blind fashion, followed by determination of precise DLT position by a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Several studies have suggested that insertion depth for a left-sided DLT is correlated with physical factors including height and neck length.1-3 However, there are no widely...

The metabolic fate of the anticoagulant protein, hirudin, and its complex with thrombin are presently unknown. Therefore we have labelled hirudin and human thrombin-hirudin complex with the residualizing label dilactitol-125I-tyramine (*I-DLT) in order to identify their tissue sites of catabolism in the rat. The rapid plasma clearance of hirudin after intravenous injection was unaffected by *I-...

This article outlines the participation of the Documents and Linguistic Technology (DLT) Group in the Cross Language French-English Question Answering Task of the Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF). Following our experiences last year (Sutcliffe, Gabbay and O'Gorman, 2003), our aim was to improve the system particularly in the early stages of processing, and to make further refinements to o...