Discriminative patterns are association patterns that occur with disproportionate frequency in some classes versus others, and have been studied under names such as emerging patterns and contrast sets. Such patterns have demonstrated considerable value for classification and subgroup discovery, but a detailed understanding of the types of interactions among items in a discriminative pattern is ...

We investigate some pitfalls regarding the discriminatory power of MT evaluation metrics and the accuracy of statistical significance tests. In a discriminative reranking experiment for phrase-based SMT we show that the NIST metric is more sensitive than BLEU or F-score despite their incorporation of aspects of fluency or meaning adequacy into MT evaluation. In an experimental comparison of two...

BACKGROUND In the assessment of hypovolemia the value of functional hemodynamic monitoring during spontaneous breathing is debated. The aim of our study was to investigate in spontaneously breathing subjects the changes in hemodynamic parameters during graded central hypovolemia and to test whether slow patterned breathing improved the discriminative value of stroke volume (SV), pulse pressure ...

Following (Blitzer et al., 2006), we present an application of structural correspondence learning to non-projective dependency parsing (McDonald et al., 2005). To induce the correspondences among dependency edges from different domains, we looked at every two tokens in a sentence and examined whether or not there is a preposition, a determiner or a helping verb between them. Three binary linear...

The application of this work is to decision making with financial time series, using learning algorithms. The traditional approach is to train a model using a prediction criterion, such as minimizing the squared error between predictions and actual values of a dependent variable, or maximizing the likelihood of a conditional model of the dependent variable. We find here with noisy time series t...

Pigeons have shown suboptimal gambling-like behavior when preferring a stimulus that infrequently signals reliable reinforcement over alternatives that provide greater reinforcement overall. As a mechanism for this behavior, recent research proposed that the stimulus value of alternatives with more reliable signals for reinforcement will be preferred relatively independently of their frequencie...

To examine the effect of discriminative fear conditioning on the shape of the generalization gradient, two groups of participants first learned to discriminate between two color stimuli, one paired with an electrical shock (conditional stimulus, CS+) and the other explicitly unpaired (CS-). The CS+ was held constant as an intermediate (ambiguous) value along the blue-green color dimension while...

We present a distribution-based modeling scheme for representing and detecting human faces in cluttered scenes. A 2-Value metric is proposed for computing distance features between test patterns and the distribution-based model during classiication. We present performance statistics of our overall system, and empirical results comparing the discriminative power of feature sets based on our 2-Va...