abstract: enviromental concerns, improvements in renewable energy technologies, governmental incentives for the use of these resources, and increased t&d; costs, are the main factors driving the energy sector into a new era, where considerable portions of electrical demand will be met through widespread installation of distributed energy resources (ders). the virtual power plant (vpp) is a dece...

This study addresses a stochastic structure for generation companies (GenCoʼs) that participate in hydro-thermal self-scheduling with a wind power plant on short-term scheduling for simultaneous reserve energy and energy market. In stochastic scheduling of HTSS with a wind power plant, in addition to various types of uncertainties such as energy price, spinning /non-spinning reserve prices, unc...

In an electricity market, every generation company (GENCO) attempts to maximize profit according to other participants bidding behaviors and power systems operating conditions. The goal of this study is to examine the optimal bidding strategy problem for GENCOs in energy and spinning reserve markets based on a hybrid GA-heuristic optimization algorithm. The heuristic optimization algorithm used...

due to uncertain nature of wind and photovoltaic power units, the participation of this units in electricity markets is subjected to significant deviation penalties. this issue leads to despondency or even admission of these units in the competitive environment. with regard to this fact that the low deviations are available when predictions are performed in a short-term horizon and also distrib...

The growth in the importance of interruptible sources of energy is increasing the concerns of many electricity market regulators with respect to the reliability and stability of electricity supply. Decisions such as that to increase the number of reserve markets, their reserve requirements, or the role of reserve prices in the final electricity price have meant that generation plants are curren...

Operating reserve assessment has become increasingly important in the new utility environment in which ancillary services have been assigned a value and purchased in a competitive market. This paper first presents a procedure for compulsory provision of spinning reserve using a risk-constrained cost-based mechanism and then proposes a competitive market structure for spinning reserve procuremen...

Traditionally, conventional generation unit was used to provide ancillary services e.g. reactive power support, and spinning reserve. Nonetheless, with the emergence of highly penetrated distributed energy resources (DERs) systems and considering how beneficial they can be; it appears reasonable to use them as reactive power providers. Therefore, this paper introduces a new procedure for DERs t...

The increasing penetration of renewable energy in recent years has led to more uncertainties in power systems. In order to maintain system reliability and security, electricity market operators need to keep certain reserves in the SecurityConstrained Economic Dispatch (SCED) problems. A new concept, deliverable generation ramping reserve, is proposed in this paper. The prices of generation ramp...