background and aim: tinnitus is an auditory phantom percept in the absence of any objective physical sound source. although advances have been made in its treatment, there is very low percent of patients that report an elimination of their tinnitus. a novel approach using noninv­asive neuromodulation has emerged as an inter­esting and promising modality for tinnitus relief. our aim in this revi...

Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The soil electrical conductivity (EC) refers to the capability for soil to conduct current. It is a comprehensive reflection of soil salinity and moisture. Therefore, acquiring soil EC rapidly and accurately ca...

Two new types of floating current conveyors are introduced. Each type has four ports: Y , X and two Z ports. The first type is the Floating Second Generation Current Conveyor (FCCII) and includes both CCII+ and CCII− as special cases. The second type is the Floating Inverting Second Generation Current Conveyor (FICCII) and includes both ICCII+ and ICCII− as special cases. The Nodal Admittance M...

In this pilot study we evaluated electroencephalographic (EEG) mean frequency changes induced by prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and investigated whether they depended on tDCS electrode montage. Eight healthy volunteers underwent tDCS for 15 min during EEG recording. They completed six tDCS sessions, 1 wk apart, testing left and right direct current (DC) dipole directi...

The frequency-dependent nonlinear dielectric increment of dipolar fluids in nonpolar fluids is often measured by using a stationary relaxation method in which two electric fields are used: The static direct current (dc) field of high strength causing the dielectric nonlinearity, and the probing alternating current (ac) field of low strength and high frequency. When a nonlinear composite is subj...

Keynote Lecture Large-scale extracellular electrical recordings using various types of multicontact microelectrodes have become a common tool for investigating neural activity at the population level. Here we present results from several projects in our group aimed at elucidating the link between recorded extracellular potentials and the underlying neural activity. We further present several ne...

The current state of knowledge on the impact of grain boundaries in CdTe solar cells is reviewed with emphasis being placed on working cell structures. The role of the chemical composition of grain boundaries as well as growth processes are discussed, along with characterisation techniques such as electron beam induced current and cathodoluminescence, which are capable of extracting information...

This paper presents two novel Floating Current Source (FCS)-based CMOS negative second generation current conveyor (CCII−) realizations suitable for very large scale implementation. The proposed realizations provide high voltage and current tracking accuracy, as well as large voltage and current transfer bandwidths. Simulation results show that the ̄rst proposed wideband CCII− bandwidth is about...

Low-voltage cascode current mirrors are reviewed with respect to the design limitations imposed if all transistors in the mirror are required to operate in the saturation region. It is found that both a lower limit and an upper limit exist for the cascode transistor bias voltage. Further, the use of a signal dependent cascode bias voltage is discussed and a selfbiased cascode configuration is p...