this paper reports the findings of a study designed to investigate english e-requestsof iranian efl postgraduate students (i.e., nonnative speakers of english) made totheir professors during their education at islamic azad university, najaf abadbranch, isfahan, iran, to find out types of politeness features employed in the students’e-mails and the extent to which these features might influence ...

Clark acknowledges but resists the indirect mind-world relation inherent in prediction error minimization (PEM). But directness should also be resisted. This creates a puzzle, which calls for reconceptualization of the relation. We suggest that a causal conception captures both aspects. With this conception, aspects of situated cognition, social interaction and culture can be understood as emer...

The British and Dutch share a long naval-, war- and medical history, in good times as well as bad. Their language has a common Germanic origin, but the English people may use special ways to express values or opinions, from which the sometimes paradoxical meaning is not always clear to the other party. Particularly with the Dutch, renowned for their directness, this may cause confusion. We prov...

The immediacy and directness of our visual experience belies the complexity of the underlying neural mechanisms, which remain incompletely understood. Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that activity in ventral visual cortex is necessary but not sufficient for visual awareness. Experiments in both patients and normal subjects indicate that parietal and frontal areas make an important contribut...

This well-known book (by Cameron and White) is now in its sixth edition, revised by F. D. White and G. E. Delory. The book is divided into part I which deals with the qualitative procedure and part II with the quantitative and clinical procedures. All the exercises given are well tried ones and there is a characteristic directness in approach to the problem, which will be greatly appreciated by...

This paper presents the results from a qualitative case study of an auditory version of the game Towers of Hanoi. The goal of this study was to explore qualitative aspects of auditory direct manipulation and the subjective experience from playing the game. The results show that it is important to provide a way of focusing in the auditory space. Articulatory directness was also an important issu...

Prior approaches to politeness modulation in natural language generation (NLG) often focus on manipulating factors such as the directness of requests that pertain to preserving the autonomy of the addressee (negative face threats), but do not have a systematic way of understanding potential impoliteness from inadvertently critical or blame-oriented communications (positive face threats). In thi...