Filtration rate (measured as clearance of algal cells) was measured at different temperatures in the sponge Halichondna panicea. An increase in water temperature from 6 to 12 "C caused the mean flltration rate to increase 4.3 * 2.3 tlmes. Thls value was higher than previously found for other marine ciliary suspension-feeding anlmals. Filtration rate at 12 "C was also measured in Haliclona urceo...

Understanding the microscopic details of shock-wave initiation of energetic materials requires a realistic picture of picosecond time scale processes occurring in large molecules located in an -100 nanometer thin layer just behind the front. In this paper, I discuss a theoretical model for shock wave induced chemistry which highlights the role of molecular mechanical energy transfer processes, ...

Semiconductor-based quantum dot single-electron pumps are currently the most promising candidates for the direct realization of the emerging quantum standard of the ampere in the International System of Units. Here, we discuss a silicon quantum dot single-electron pump with radio frequency control over the transparencies of entrance and exit barriers as well as the dot potential. We show that o...

In the light-driven bacteriorhodopsin proton pump, the first proton transfer step is from the retinal Schiff base to a nearby carboxylate group. The mechanism of this transfer step is highly controversial, in particular whether a direct proton jump is allowed. Here, we review the structural and energetic determinants of the direct proton transfer path computed by using a combined quantum mechan...

We have developed a quantitative theory of Cooper pair pumping in gated one-dimensional arrays of Josephson junctions. The pumping accuracy is limited by quantum tunneling of Cooper pairs out of the propagating potential well and by direct supercurrent flow through the array. Both corrections decrease exponentially with the number N of junctions in the array, but give a serious limitation of ac...

This paper introduces a micro direct methanol fuel cell (μDMFC) with an imbedded self-pumping mechanism to deliver liquid fuel. The fuel is propelled without any power consuming component (e.g., a pump), while removing the CO2 bubbles generated by the fuel-cell electrochemical reaction of the system. Furthermore, the pumping rate is self-regulated by the reaction, i.e., by the load. By eliminat...

New MOS charge pumps utilizing the charge transfer switches (CTS’s) to direct charge flow and generate boosted output voltage are described. Using the internal boosted voltage to backward control the CTS of a previous stage yields charge pumps that are suitable for low-voltage operation. Applying dynamic control to the CTS’s can eliminate the reverse charge sharing phenomenon and further improv...

Airborne wind energy systems are capable of extracting energy from higher wind speeds at higher altitudes. The configuration considered in this paper is based on a tethered kite flown in a pumping orbit. This pumping cycle generates energy by winching out at high tether forces and driving a generator while flying figures-of-eight, or lemniscates, as crosswind pattern. Then, the tether is reeled...

The room-temperature dynamics of a magnon gas driven by short microwave pumping pulses is studied. An overpopulation of the lowest energy level of the system following the pumping is observed. Using the sensitivity of the Brillouin light scattering technique to the coherence degree of the scattering magnons we demonstrate the spontaneous emergence of coherence of the magnons at the lowest level...

Diode lasers have a broad wavelength range, from the visible to beyond 2.2μm. This allows for various applications in the defense sector, ranging from classic pumping of DPSSL in range finders or target designators, up to pumping directed energy weapons in the 50+ kW range. Also direct diode applications for illumination above 1.55μm, or direct IR countermeasures are of interest. Here an overvi...