Cardiac output is often measured by indicator dilution techniques, usually based on dye or cold saline injections. Developments of more stable ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) are leading to new noninvasive indicator dilution methods. However, several problems concerning the interpretation of dilution curves as detected by ultrasound transducers have arisen. This paper presents a method for blo...

OBJECTIVE To establish the abnormal title and the appropriate screening dilution for ANA (antinuclear antibodies) test by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells (ANA HEp-2). METHODS An analysis of ANA Hep-2 in serum samples from 126 healthy individuals was performed. The samples were screened at a dilution of 1:80, and those positive were diluted to the title of 1:5120. The abnormal title...

Indicator dilution curves obtained from various systemic arterial sampling sites are commonly used for analysis of blood flow, cardiac shunts and valvular regurgitation, and for study of segments of the blood volume. It is generally assumed that the contour of such curves is largely determined by the passage and dilution of the indicator in the central circulation and that changes occurring dur...

The distortion of indicator dilution curves by catheter sampling systems is predictable from theoretic considerations based on laminar flow. Over a wide range of catheter and flow parameters, deductions can be made regarding distortion, by the arterial system or by sampling catheters, of indicator dilution curves coming from an idealized pump. A figure of merit for the sampling system is given ...

The coagulation curve obtained by the technique previously reported by the authors has been recently interpreted by J. B. Graham and E. M. Barrow as explainable to a large extent by a variation of the ionic force of the medium during dilution. In order to overcome the influence of this physico-chemical factor and to reveal the action of the biological coagulation factors, the authors have perfo...

Inadequate nitrogen fertilizing practices lead to low uptake efficiency (NUE), which increases water NO3− pollution, as well N2O emissions the atmosphere. In order increase NUE and decrease N losses from soil-plant system, accurate data about optimum crop concentrations dry matter production throughout growing season are still needed for many vegetables typically grown under Mediterranean clima...

Indicator dilution curves obtained from various systemic arterial sampling sites are commonly used for analysis of blood flow, cardiac shunts and valvular regurgitation, and for study of segments of the blood volume. It is generally assumed that the contour of such curves is largely determined by the passage and dilution of the indicator in the central circulation and that changes occurring dur...