Influenza viruses encoding hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins with deletions in one or both cytoplasmic tails (HAt- or NAt-) have a reduced association with detergent-insoluble glycolipids (DIGs). Mutations which eliminated various combinations of the three palmitoylation sites in HA exhibited reduced amounts of DIG-associated HA in virus-infected cells. The influenza virus...

This note deenes a new graphical local calculus, directed virtual reductions. It is designed to compute Girard's execution formula EX, an invariant of closed functional evaluation obtained from the \geometry of interaction" interpretation of-calculus 5]. The calculus is obtained by synchronizing another graphical local calculus presented in \local and asynchronous beta-reduction": virtual reduc...

Three experiments were conducted separately to estimate the digestible Lys (dig. Lys) requirements of Cobb × Cobb 500 male broilers using different statistical models. For each experiment, 1,200 chicks were housed in 48 floor pens in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 8 replicates. Broilers were fed diets with increasing dig. Lys levels from 1 to 12 d (Exp. 1), from 12 to 28 d...

The diffuse ionized gas (DIG) is an important component of the interstellar medium and it can be affected by many physical processes in galaxies. Measuring its distribution contribution emission allows us to properly study both ionization star formation Here, we measure for first time DIG 38 gas-stripped galaxies local clusters drawn from GAs Stripping Phenomena with MUSE survey (GASP). These a...

100 Background: Pre-treatment dental evaluations are recommended for head and neck (H&N) cancer patients (pts) prior to radiation therapy (RT) to minimize the risk of acute and long-term side effects of treatment. We previously created a dental instructional guide (DIG) outlining the necessary components of the pre-radiation dental evaluation for pts undergoing community-based dental evaluation...

In order to examine the excitation and ionization mechanism of extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (DIG) we have obtained optical longslit spectra of seven edge-on spiral galaxies. In four objects the brightest emission lines can be traced out to distances of typically 1.5 kpc above the disk. For NGC 1963 and NGC 3044 line ratios such as [N ii] λ6583/Hα or [S ii] λ6717/Hα as well as [O iii] λ5007/H...

Tungsten and molybdenum catalysts were employed to promote the cyclisation of N-propargylic amides to afford the corresponding oxazolines or oxazines via 5-exo-dig or 6-endo-dig mode.

Palladium-catalyzed highly regio- and stereoselective 6-exo-dig and 7-endo-dig cyclization of functionalized propargylic compounds has been developed for the synthesis of (E)-4-(isobenzofuran-1(3H)-ylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and aze/oxepinoindoles.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is key for the production of second generation biofuels, which represent a long-standing leading area in the field of sustainable energy. Despite the wealth of knowledge about cellulase structure and function, the elusive mechanism by which these enzymes disintegrate the complex structure of their insoluble substrate, which is the gist of cellulose saccharifica...

Plans by local authorities, towns, national parks and even states in Europe to set up genetically modified free zones to stop the controversial crops being grown in their areas are in deep confusion following new EU guidelines announced last month. Combined with uncertainty over who would be legally liable if genetic contamination takes place and the World Trade Organisation's pending case agai...