This study investigates the viscous term formulation for the newly developed energy stable flux reconstruction (ESFR) scheme, as an extension to the linear advection flux formulation in the original ESFR scheme. The concept of energy stability for the flux reconstruction approach is put forward. This paper also discusses the formulation of inviscid first derivative flux based on flux reconstruc...

We consider double-diffusive convection between two parallel plates and compute bounds on the flux of the unstably stratified species using the background method. The bound on the heat flux for Rayleigh–Bénard convection also serves as a bound on the double-diffusive problem (with the thermal Rayleigh number equal to that of the unstably stratified component). In order to incorporate a dependen...

4 Observations suggest that the timeand zonal-mean state of the extra-tropical atmosphere 5 adjusts itself such that the so-called “criticality parameter” (which relates the vertical strat6 ification to the horizontal temperature gradient) is close to one. Schneider has argued that 7 the criticality parameter is kept near one by a constraint on the zonal momentum budget in 8 primitive equations...

[1] We perform the first analysis of stratosphere-troposphere exchange in terms of distributions that partition the one-way flux across the thermal tropopause according to stratospheric residence time t and the regions where air enters and exits the stratosphere. These distributions robustly quantify one-way flux without being rendered ill defined by the short-t eddy-diffusive singularity. Diag...

[1] Six Ice-Tethered Profilers (ITP), deployed in the central Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean between 2004 and 2007, have provided detailed potential temperature and salinity measurements of a double-diffusive staircase at about 200–300 m depth. Individual layers in the staircase are of order 1 m in vertical height but appear to extend horizontally for hundreds of kilometers, with along-layer ...

Unidirectional K-fluxes were estimated in unanaesthetized trout and sculpin and in anaesthetized sculpin from observed 86Rb movement (JK = 1.3 JRb). In all three groups efflux exceeded influx; Jo/Jin was 2-3. The values predicted by the flux ratio equation were 0.5 for trout and 1.0 for sculpin, so active K-extrusion is indicated. The results also show that more than one half of the total influ...

The benthic O2 uptake and the O2 microdistribution in a coastal sediment of Aarhus Bay, Denmark, were investigated during a seasonal study. Measurements were performed in situ by a profiling lander and a flux chamber lander, as well as on recovered sediment cores. The O2 penetration depth, the diffusive O2 uptake, and the volumespecific O2 consumption rate strongly depended on the seasonal chan...

We study existence and spectral stability of stationary solutions of the Dafermos regularization of a much-studied diffusive-dispersive equation with cubic flux. Our study includes stationary solutions that corresponds to Riemann solutions consisting of an undercompressive shock wave followed by a compressive shock wave. We use geometric singular perturbation theory (1) to construct the solutio...