BACKGROUND The presence of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) pocket infection is difficult to treat, causing serious clinical outcomes, but little is known for prevention. Results from some studies suggested that pocket irrigation could reduce infection while others showed conflicting results. We pooled the effects of pocket irrigations on the prevention of pocket infection by meta...

Although the term precision irrigation is now quite widely used, often to mean drip irrigation, there is no commonly accepted definition or conceptualisation of the term, and no cohesive framework to guide research, development or adoption. This paper is reporting on a review of precision irrigation funded by NPSI. This review is considering the role of current irrigation application technologi...

Literature regarding evaporation from soil, wet plant surfaces, and sprinkler droplets was examined, normalized, and inter­ preted. Much of the evaporation literature is difficult to compare and interpret; this paper offers comparisons and discussions of various findings by others as well as by the writers. Techniques of measuring and estimating evaporation from irrigation and rainfall are disc...

The treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis is difficult. We report a successful case of severe cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis treated with intravesical instillation of prostaglandin F2 alpha. A 32-year-old woman underwent high-dose cyclophosphamide conditioning before the autologous bone marrow transplantation. She developed clot retention which required conti...

-Water plays an important role in everyday’s life. Agriculture is a backbone of our country and it uses 85% of available fresh water for irrigation. Irrigation is the method of supplying the water to the plants artificially. In India, Farmers follow different irrigation systems to cultivate the crops. The different types of irrigation methods include sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, surfa...

BACKGROUND The need for reoperation or wound infection treatments between pulsatile and gravity irrigation are statistically equivalent, however, it is unclear which method maximizes operative efficiency and expeditious irrigation. In this study we set out to determine the differences in irrigation rate between these various treatment methods. METHODS This was an ex-vivo experimental laborato...

Water resources for irrigation can be difficult to obtain specially in the arid regions. However, for high humidity areas such as places close to the sea, water can be condensed from the air. In this paper we build water condensation system based on thermoelectric cooler. The system consists of cooling elements, heat exchange unit and air circulation unit. A solar cell panel unit with a relevan...

Iridectomy was performed in all but one of the first 65 cases, and in all but a very few of the last 65 cases. In the interval cases it was omitted when possible. The arguments for and against are familiar, but, in addition to the greater safety it affords, an iridectomy certainly facilitates efficient irrigation, and I now frequently do it secondarily, after the extraction of the lens, if a pr...

Crop production is a process of multiple inputs (water and nutrients, etc.), and the relationships between the inputs and crop yield are very complex. This study used a model for data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficiency of irrigation-fertilization schemes for winter wheat in North China. The field experiments were conducted at the Xiaohe Irrigation Experiment Station in Centra...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of a sonic device (Vibringe), syringe irrigation, and passive ultrasonic irrigation in the removal of debris from simulated root canal irregularities. METHODS Root canals with 2 standardized grooves in the apical and coronal parts were filled with dentin debris. Three different irrigation procedures were performed with NaOCl (1%...