AbstructThis paper describes the design of a CMOS capacitor-ratio-independent and gain-insensitive algorithmic analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. Using the fully differential switched-capacitor technique, the A/D converter is insensitive to capacitor-ratio accuracy as well as finite gain and offset voltage of operational amplifiers. The switch-induced error voltage becomes the only major error ...

In this paper, controlling the location of the tip of an L-shape beam under gravity field is investigated. The beam is covered with piezoelectric patches. The gravity filed moves the tip of beam downward and the actuators with induced voltage move the tip to the previous location. to optimize the best location and voltages for actuators, the particle swarm optimization algorithm code is develop...

Device variability in modern processes has become a major concern in SRAM design leading to degradation of both performance and yield. Variation induced offset in the sense amplifiers requires a larger bit-line differential, which slows down SRAM access times and causes increased power consumption. The effect aggravated in the sub-threshold region. In this paper, we propose a circuit that reduc...

A theory is developed for calculating vertical tunneling current between two sheets of bilayer graphene separated by a thin, insulating layer of hexagonal boron nitride, neglecting many-body effects. Results are presented using physical parameters that enable comparison of the theory with recently reported experimental results. Observed resonant tunneling and negative differential resistance in...

Deterministic oscillations of current-induced metastable resistivity in changing voltage have been detected in La0.82Ca0.18MnO3 single crystals. At low temperatures, below the Curie point, application of specific bias procedures switches the crystal into metastable resistivity state characterized by appearance of pronounced reproducible and random structures in the voltage dependence of the dif...

This paper describes the design of a CMOS capacitor-ratio-independent and gain-insensitive algorithmic analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. Using the fully differential switched-capacitor technique, the A/D converter is insensitive to capacitor-ratio accuracy as well as finite gain and offset voltage of operational amplifiers. The switch-induced error voltage becomes the only major error source, ...

A low-voltage differential version of a high performance voltage follower is presented. The proposed circuit is very compact, and symmetric with respect to the input devices. Both differential input devices are enhanced by local shunt feedback, increasing the gain and, thus, reducing the output resistance for higher precision. The circuit has proved useful as a winner-take-all (WTA) circuit. It...

The purpose of this lab was to test Faraday’s Law using a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT). Basically, an LVDT consists of three coils (of 100 windings each) spaced evenly along an insulating rod. A voltage of around 6 V was applied across the inner coil, and a ferromagnetic rod was inserted into the solenoids. According to Faraday’s Law, a changing magnetic flux within the ferro...

This paper presents a distance detector composed of two separated metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), a differential polysilicon cross-shaped Hall plate (CSHP), and a readout circuit. The distance detector was fabricated using 0.18 μm 1P6M Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology to sense the magnetic induction perpendicular to the chip surface. The di...