Ammonia (NH) volatilization from intensive livestock production is a threat to natural ecosystems. This study investigated pig diet manipulation by 1% (w/w) benzoic acid (BA) amendment and lowering of dietary electrolyte balance through substituting 1.4% (w/w) CaCO with 2.0% (w/w) CaCl. Urine and feces were collected separately from 24 pigs fed one of four diets (Control, +BA, +CaCl, +BA+CaCl) ...

DIFFERENCES have been noted between normotensive and hypertensive individuals in salt intake,' intracellular electrolytes,2 total body electrolytes,3 serum electrolytes,4 and the renal excretion of sodium and water.5 If changes in serum sodium concentration reflected intracelluar or metabolic alterations in electrolyte balance, an easily determined factor would be available for study of electro...

Twenty (12 male and 8 female) tennis players from two Division I university tennis teams performed three days of round-robin tournament play (i.e., two singles tennis matches followed by one doubles match per day) in a hot environment (32.2 +/- 1.5 degrees C and 53.9 +/- 2.4% rh at 1200 hr), so that fluid-electrolyte balance could be evaluated. During singles play, body weight percentage change...

Total body water (TBW) is consistently 70% of the lean body weight across age and sex ranges but varies as a percentage of actual bodyweight between groups and individuals owing to varied deposition of adipose tissue, which contains less water than muscle. TBW is 75% of total body weight in neonates, 70% in infants and 45% in the elderly. The average adult male (70 kg) has 60% of total body wei...

Minerals are essential nutrients for the body, are of inorganic nature which gives them the characteristic of being resistant to heat, are involved in a lot of chemical reactions in metabolism, regulating electrolyte balance, in maintaining bone, in the process of blood clotting and the transmission of nerve impulses, particularly its role as enzyme cofactors confers a key role in various physi...

Nutrition and fluid and electrolyte balance are inextricably linked through ingestion, digestion, absorption and intermediary metabolism. Studies are described showing that man's physiological capacity to excrete excess salt and water is limited under normal conditions; it is further reduced by starvation and injury, so that patients are easily overloaded, resulting in increased complications o...