BACKGROUND AND AIM B7-H1, a co-inhibitory molecule of the B7 family, is found aberrantly expressed in ovarian cancer cells and infiltrating macrophage/dendritic-like cells, and plays a critical role in immune evasion by ovarian cancer. IL-12, an inducer of Th1 cell development, exerts immunomodulatory effects on ovarian cancer. However, whether IL-12 regulates B7-H1 expression in human ovarian ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is physical damage to the brain structure which has a high global rate of mortality and morbidity. TBI can cause intense inflammatory response due to accumulation of leukocytes in cerebral matrix and activation of microglia. Microglia can differentiate into M1 macrophages or M2 macrophages following the changes in biochemical properties of brain tissue. M1 sub type ...

Abstract Myeloid cells are an important player in the immune system, and form first line of defense against pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), causative pathogen for (TB) disease. They include macrophages, a target Mtbinfection, dendritic (DCs), which present Mtb-derived antigens to prime activate T cells. In order investigate myeloid-specific host factors involved response we...

RATIONALE It is now recognized that macrophages residing within developing and adult tissues are derived from diverse progenitors including those of embryonic origin. Although the functions of macrophages in adult organisms are well studied, the functions of macrophages during organ development remain largely undefined. Moreover, it is unclear whether distinct macrophage lineages have differing...

Two major theories concerning the development and differentiation of macrophages ―― the reticuloendothelial system proposed by Aschoff(1924)and the mononuclear phagocyte system developed by van Furth (1972) ―― are critically reviewed. Phylogenetically, mononuclear phagocytic cells (macrophages)develop in all animals;monocytes are not detected in invertebrates, and both macrophages and monocytes...

Background: Macrophages expressing CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) possess characteristics and performance akin to M1 polarized macrophages, which promote inflammation. Advanced heart failure (HF) patients with higher abundance of CCR2+ macrophages are more likely experience adverse remodeling. The precise mechanism in how they affect the progression dilated cardiomyopathy remains unknown. Metho...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in tumor progression and poor prognosis in several malignancies. We previously demonstrated the interaction between high numbers of infiltrating TAMs and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). To investigate the significance of TAMs in ESCC, we conducted a cDNA microarray analysis of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMo)-deriv...

Abstract Few studies have used a longitudinal approach to describe the immune response SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells longitudinally obtained from SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets. Landscape analysis lung microenvironment shows distinct changes in cell proportions and characteristics compared uninfected control, at 2 5 days pos...