OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The depth of the frontal sinus was measured using axial computed tomography (CT) images to examine the safety of frontal sinus trephination at selected distances from the midline. STUDY DESIGN Review of 200 sinus CT scans. METHODS Two hundred sinus CT scans (400 frontal sinuses) were reviewed to measure the frontal sinus depth at 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm from midline. ...

Leaf longevity determines the annual cost of replacing foliage biomass and influences water and nutrient budgets. Longevity is readily estimated in most evergreen species by annual bud scars along the shoot. However, some species with indeterminate growth do not show these annual markers, making estimation of longevity difficult. One of these species is the widespread and economically valuable ...

We study the power of balanced regular leaf-languages. First, we investigate (i) regular languages that are polylog-time reducible to languages in dot-depth 1/2 and (ii) regular languages that are polylog-time decidable. For both classes we provide • forbidden-pattern characterizations, and • characterizations in terms of regular expressions. Both classes are decidable. The intersection of clas...

Plant development depends on the activity of apical meristems, which are groups of indeterminate cells whose derivatives elaborate the organs of the mature plant. Studies of knotted1 (kn1) and related gene family members have determined potential roles for homeobox genes in the function of shoot meristems. The Arabidopsis kn1-like gene, KNAT1, is expressed in the shoot apical meristem and not i...

background sphenoid sinus is surrounded by many vital vascular and nervous structures. in more than 20% of patients with chronic sinusitis, involvement of sphenoid sinus has been observed. besides, sphenoid sinus is an appropriate route to access anterior and middle cranial fossa in surgery. therefore, it is important to have an adequate knowledge about the contents of sphenoid sinus and its pr...

We show that, for OWL 2 QL ontology-mediated queries with (i) ontologies of bounded depth and conjunctive queries of bounded treewidth, (ii) ontologies of bounded depth and bounded-leaf tree-shaped conjunctive queries, and (iii) arbitrary ontologies and bounded-leaf tree-shaped conjunctive queries, one can construct and evaluate nonrecursive datalog rewritings by, respectively, LOGCFL, NL and L...

Going back to the seminal paper [FSS84] by Furst, Saxe, and Sipser, analogues between polynomial time classes and constant depth circuit classes have been considered in a number of papers. Oracles separating polynomial time classes have been obtained by diagonalization making essential use of lower bounds for circuit classes. In this note we show how separating oracles can be obtained uniformly...

in order to investigate genetic correlation and path analysis between grain yield and yield components, fifteen early maturing hybrids of grain corn (zea. mays) using a randomized complete block design with 4 replications were evaluated in khoramabad agricultural research center, iran. the data were collected and analyzed for ear emergence date, anthesis date, maturity date, plant height, ear h...