The paper describes the development and use of a bone densitometer (single photon absorptiometer) for the field measurement of bone mineral density in cattle. The densitometer consisted of a radioactive source of 241Americium a sodium iodide detector plus photomultiplier tube, counter and ratemeter linked to a computer. The source and detector were mounted in a “U-shaped” frame which clamped ov...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new tool for radiographic densitometry by combining periapical films and aluminum step wedge. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 50 Kodak E-speed intraoral films. An aluminum step wedge consisting of 16 steps was constructed. Each step was 1mm×3m×10mm. The step wedge was exposed to varying exposure times, ranging from 0.05 second t...

Chest X-ray is one the most frequently required diagnostic procedures used in clinical practice to produce an image of organs, tissues and bones body with a significant impact on collective dose. However, radiation dose received by patients from this procedure likely show large variations within among radiodiagnostic centres. This could be traced lack imaging protocols local or national referen...

Many of the newer X-ray machines are equipped with electronic means to provide dose-area product (DAP) information. For machines without that ability, an alternative method is to record radiation on a film that can handle a large amount of cumulative exposure. The use of GafChromic XR Type R film was investigated for this purpose by placing it at the X-ray tube assembly to record the radiation ...