Surface water and sediment samples collected from Jukskei River in South Africa, were subjected to different extraction techniques, liquid-liquid (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), activated carbon extraction (ACE) and soxhlet extraction (SE) for sediment. The samples were extracted with dichloromethane, cleaned in a silica gel column and the extracts quantified using a Varian 3800 GC-ECD. Th...

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to analyze the extended spectrum of β lactamase (ESBL), metallo β lactamase (MBL) & AmpC production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in various clinical samples. MATERIALS & METHODS One hundred four non repetitive clinical specimens were inoculated onto nutrient agar, blood agar and incubated at 37(o)C overnight. The colonies were tested for oxidase test and other b...

anopheles culicifacies is the vector of malaria in southeastern part of iran, india, west pakistan and ceylon. in 1959 the lc50 % ddt in the panchmahal district of gujarat state (india) had increased. ddt resistant population of a. culicifacies has been reported from west pakistan, burma and iran. after application of ddt in 1959, the density of a. culicifacies decreased sharply. the susceptibi...

DNA-damage tolerance (DDT) in yeast is composed of two parallel pathways and mediated by sequential ubiquitinations of PCNA. While monoubiquitination of PCNA promotes translesion synthesis (TLS) that is dependent on polymerase ζ consisted of a catalytic subunit Rev3 and a regulatory subunit Rev7, polyubiquitination of PCNA by Mms2-Ubc13-Rad5 promotes error-free lesion bypass. Inactivation of th...

Background: Bacterial resistance to the commonly used antibacterial agents is an increasing challenge in the medicine, and a major problem for the health care systems; the control of  their spread  is a constant challenge for the hospitals. Objectives: In this study, we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of the Zinc Oxide nanoparticles against clinical sample; Yersinia intermedia bact...

objectives: all subjects suspected of central auditory processing disorder (capd) were previously tested by free recall dichotic digits test (ddt). the study objective was normalization and reliability evaluation of two-pair ddt in 750 native persian subjects aged 8 to 12 years. materials: a total of 750 subjects were divided into five age groups varying between 8 years and 12 years and 11 mont...

Background: The rising global emergence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) producing ?-lactam hydrolysing enzymes in clinical infections constitutes a growing public health threat. This study investigated the occurrence co-production extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ES?L), AmpC ?-lactamases, and carbapenemases among GNB isolated from HIVinfected patients two tertiary healthcare facilities southwest ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Various phenotypic methods are recommended in the routine practice to detect the ESBL production in gram negative bacilli. Among them, the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) which uses the third generation cephalosporins (3GC), is a simple and a reliable method. But the coexistence of AmpC may give false negative results. In such cases, the ESBL detection can be improved ...

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) has been used extensively to control malaria, typhus, body lice and bubonic plague worldwide, until countries began restricting its use in the 1970s. Its use in malaria control continues in some countries according to recommendation by the World Health Organization. Individuals exposed to elevated levels of DDT and its metabolite dichlorodiphenyldichloroeth...