Fragments of the mitochondrial genome released into the systemic circulation after mechanical trauma, termed mitochondrial DNA damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDNA DAMPs), are thought to mediate the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The close association between circulating mtDNA DAMP levels and outcome in sepsis suggests that bacteria also might be a stimulus for mtDNA DAMP relea...

Inflammatory mediators play important roles in the development and progression of cancer. Cellular stress, damage, inflammation, and necrotic cell death cause release of endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules or alarmins, which alert the host of danger by triggering immune responses and activating repair mechanisms through their interaction with pattern recognition rece...

Some selected amino acids, in particular L-aspartic acid (L-Asp) and L-histidine (L-His), can function as leaving group during polymerase-catalyzed incorporation of deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP) in DNA. Although L-Asp-dAMP and L-His-dAMP bind, most probably, in a different way in the active site of the enzyme, aspartic acid and histidine can be considered as mimics of the pyrophosphate mo...

Adenosine 5'-phosphate was synthesized with 3H or 14C label specifically located as [1'-3H]AMP, [1'-14C] AMP, [5'-3H]AMP, and [5'-14C]AMP. The synthesis was accomplished from adenine and glucose or adenine and ribose using enzymes from the pentose pathway and/or from the purine salvage pathways. Structural analysis of the compounds confirmed the locations of the radiolabels. The methods provide...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between damp and mould growth and symptomatic ill health. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of random sample of households containing children; separate and independent assessments of housing conditions (by surveyor) and health (structured interview by trained researcher). SETTING Subjects' homes (in selected areas of public housing in Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Lo...

The contractile roles of the M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors were investigated in guinea pig longitudinal colonic smooth muscle. Prior treatment of the colon with N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-piperidinyl diphenylacetate (4-DAMP mustard) (40 nM) in combination with [[2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl]-5,11- dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3b][1,4]benzodiazepine-6-one (AF-DX 116) (1.0 microM) caused a subs...

The concept of DAMP (deficits in attention, motor control, and perception) has been in clinical use in Scandinavia for about 20 years. DAMP is diagnosed on the basis of concomitant attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder in children who do not have severe learning disability or cerebral palsy. In clinically severe form it affects about 1.5% of the genera...