The paper describes risk-informed decision support for assessing the costs and benefits of counter-terrorism (CT) protective measures for infrastructure. Such a decision support framework needs to consider threat scenarios and probabilities, value of human life, physical (direct) damage, indirect damage, risk reduction and protective measure costs. Probabilistic terrorism risk assessments that ...

ABSTRACT Sanitation is an unmet basic need in rural areas. Conventional technology to cover the population without access this human right does not respond reality of segment users who are excluded from service with corresponding economic damages. This research based its findings on Economics Initiative methodology, running model develop a damage-cost analysis due lack any type sanitation Ecuad...

A model for determining the benefit-cost ratio of controlling damage by vertebrate pests to conifer seedlings requires knowledge of the amount, distribution, and duration of animal damage, reduction in damage associated with control, costs of control, methodology and value of trees at harvesto Because control costs occurring in the present must be compared with savings recovered decades later i...

Nonlinear Time History (NTH) analysis is currently the most reliable method for estimating structural behavior. Considerable computational demand and complexity of this method may cause difficulty for its routine practical application. Based on the Methodology of Endurance Time (ET) method, it can estimate the nonlinear response of structures with a much lower computational cost. In this resear...

Aim of this paper is to investigate the application of cost benefit analysis methods in the decisionmaking on a desired flood protection strategy in the Netherlands. After a discussion of historical developments in flood protection in the Netherlands the method of cost benefit analysis is presented as a useful instrument in decision-making. In the second part of the paper the economic analysis ...