BACKGROUND The composition of dietary fatty acids (FA) during early life may impact adult adipose tissue (AT) development. We investigated the effects of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) intake during the suckling/weaning period on AT development and metabolic markers in the guinea pig (GP). METHODS Newborn GP were fed a 27%-fat diet (w/w %) with high (10%-ALA group), moderate (2.4%-ALA group) or l...

The proposed threshold planktonic gross primary production (GPP) value for O2 of 2.05 mmol m23 d21 separating net heterotrophic from net autotrophic communities in the Southern Ocean was tested experimentally using large mesocosms (20 m3). A set of eight mesocosms was moored in Johnson’s Dock (62839.5769S, 60822.4089W, Livingston Island, Antarctica) and a gradient of GPP was experimentally gene...

Abstract Background/Introduction Inflammation of cardiac tissue, termed myocarditis, is a common cause dilated cardiomyopathy associated with abnormal tissue remodeling, stiffening ventricles and heart failure. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) represents CD4+ T cell-dependent animal model acute followed by development cardiomyopathy, fibrosis systolic dysfunction. Purpose The aim the s...

Glaucoma, mainly caused by high intraocular pressure (IOP), is characterized by apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). We investigated the possible involvement of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and its activator p35, which have been implicated in a variety of neurological disorders, in RGC apoptosis in a rat experimental glaucoma model reproduced by blocking episcleral veins. Chole...

The Enam null mice appear to be smaller than wild-type mice, which prompted the hypothesis that enamel defects negatively influence nutritional intake and bodyweight gain (BWG). We compared the BWG of Enam(-/-) and wild-type mice from birth (D0) to Day 42 (D42). Wild-type (WT) and Enam(-/-) (N) mice were given either hard chow (HC) or soft chow (SC). Four experimental groups were studied: WTHC,...

Long-term trends in the rate of depletion of hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO) are documented for ionically enriched hypereutrophic Onondaga Lake, New York, for the 1978–2002 interval. Depletion rates, represented as areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficits (AHOD, g m22 d21), are calculated on the basis of weekly DO profiles of 1-m resolution and estimates of coincident inputs of DO from overlying l...

Obliterative bronchiolitis is the principal long-term problem for lung transplant patients. One of the simplest and most reproducible animal models of obliterative bronchiolitis is heterotopic tracheal transplantation in subcutaneous tissue, where the graft is not primarily vascularized. We demonstrate here the rapid graft revascularization and the kinetics of expression of its angiogenic and l...

Sulfate reduction rates in the surface sediments from 17 stations from an along-slope transect (1,300 m) and from a cross-slope transect (855–4,766 m) were determined in the continental margin sediments of the Benguela Upwelling system. Profiles at all sites in the upwelling area showed increasing sulfate reduction rates from near zero at the surface to a peak at 2–5 cm (up to 29 nmol cm23 d21)...

Gram-negative bacteria can enter the bloodstream and interact with serum cationic proteins. The character of interaction will depend on the surface characteristics of bacterial cells, which are determined by bacterial chemotype and density of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) packing in the cell wall. It was shown that the lysozyme treatment resulted in the increase sensitivity to hypotonic shock. Signi...

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) on porcine embryos and their receptor sows during the first 21 days of pregnancy. Hatched blastocysts exposed to 10(5.0) TCID50 PCV2 per ml (strain 1121, fifth passage PK15) and negative control embryos were transferred to PCV2-immune receptor sows at the 7th day of the cycle. Two weeks after transfer (D2...