Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited disease caused by genetic mutations in the gene encoding tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP). This results in defects in bone and tooth mineralization. We recently demonstrated that TNALP-deficient (Akp2 (-/-) ) mice, which mimic the phenotype of the severe infantile form of HPP, can be treated by intravenous injection of a recombinant adeno-as...

Buccal tablets of ritodrine (RD) hydrochloride (HCl), called RD-HCl, were prepared using the direct compression method with alginate (AL), lactose (LC), magnesium stearate (ST), and microcrystalline cellulose (MC) as excipients. The tablets were evaluated based on hardness, and tablets weighing 80 mg and with hardness of greater than 30 N were chosen as appropriate ones. As a result, tablets co...

Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes enzymes that cap the 5' end of viral mRNAs, which enhances their stability and translation. Nevertheless, recent studies demonstrated that the VACV D10 protein (VACV-WR_115) decaps mRNA, an enzymatic activity not previously shown to be encoded by a virus. The decapping activity of D10 is dependent on a Nudix hydrolase motif that is also present in the VACV D9 prote...

Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) has been used to deliver vaccine candidate antigens against infectious diseases and cancer. MVA is a potent viral vector for inducing high magnitudes of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells; however the cellular immune responses to a recombinant antigen in MVA could be further enhanced by increasing transgene expression. Previous reports showed the impo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The mechanism inducing either inflammation or tolerance to orally administered food allergens remains unclear. To investigate this we analyzed mouse models of food allergy (OVA23-3) and tolerance (DO11.10 [D10]), both of which express ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell receptors. METHODS OVA23-3, recombination activating gene (RAG)-2-deficient OVA23-3 (R23-3), D10, and R...

AIM To investigate the phenotype of cells comprising diffuse and intestinal-type gastric cancers using monoclonal antibodies to two antigens. One antigen (designated D10) is characteristic of gastric mucous neck cells, cardiac glands, pyloric glands, and Brunner's glands. The second antigen (designated 17NM) is specific to the mucous vacuole of intestinal goblet cells. METHODS Thirty two gast...

Photodestruction of Propionibacterium acnes was investigated by broad-band near-ultraviolet light. The inactivation of the bacteria was found to be oxygen dependent, and without O2 practically no photoinactivation occurred. D2O caused an increased inactivation (D10 = 5 kJ/m2 in D2O as compared to D10 = 11 kJ/m2 in normal water). Decreased temperature during illumination increased the ability to...

Vaccinia virus genes are expressed in a sequential fashion, suggesting a role for negative as well as positive regulatory mechanisms. A potential down regulator of gene expression was mapped by transfection assays to vaccinia virus open reading frame D10, which encodes a protein with no previously known function. Inhibition was independent of the promoter type used for the reporter gene, indica...

Helicases catalyze the unwinding of double-stranded nucleic acids where structure and phosphate backbone contacts, rather than nucleobase sequence, usually determines substrate specificity. We have expressed and purified a putative helicase encoded by the D10 gene of bacteriophage T5. Here we report that this hitherto uncharacterized protein possesses branch migration and DNA unwinding activity...